深圳市南山区人民医院126例围产儿死亡的影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of 126 Perinatal Deaths in Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital

目的分析深圳市南山区人民医院近5年126例围产儿死亡的影响因素。方法回顾性收集2014年10月—2019年9月深圳市南山区人民医院围产儿死亡资料,分析近5年深圳市南山区围产儿病死率及死亡原因。结果深圳市南山区人民医院近5年围产儿29662例,死亡126例,病死率为4.25%。近5年间围产儿病死率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);围产儿死亡构成比发现死胎占84.9%,死产占3.2%,7 d内死亡占11.9%,死胎占比较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);非深圳户籍人口近5年围产儿病死率高于深圳户籍人口近5年围产儿病死率,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);高龄孕妇近5年围产儿病死率高于低年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);深圳市南山区近5年围产儿死亡原因居前几位的为出生缺陷、脐带因素、胎盘早剥、个人因素,且出生缺陷占比较高。结论高龄产妇、新生儿出生缺陷是影响深圳市南山区围产儿死亡的主要原因,提倡优生优育,加强对高龄孕妇管理,宣传保健知识、产前进行筛查、诊断,从而降低围产儿病死率。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of 126 perinatal deaths in Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital in the past 5 years.Methods Retrospective collect the data of perinatal deaths in Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital from October 2014 to September 2019,and analyze the mortality and causes of perinatal infants in Nanshan District,Shenzhen in the past 5 years.Results In the Nanshan People's Hospital of Shenzhen,there were 29662 perinatal infants in the past 5 years,with 126 deaths and a mortality rate of 4.25‰.In the past 5 years,there was no statistically significant difference in perinatal mortality(P>0.05);the proportion of perinatal deaths found that stillbirths accounted for 84.9%,stillbirths accounted for 3.2%,deaths within 7 days accounted for 11.9%,stillbirths accounted for a higher proportion,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the perinatal mortality rate of non-Shenzhen household registration population in the past 5 years was higher than that of Shenzhen household registration population in the past 5 years,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);The annual perinatal mortality rate was higher than that of the younger age group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the top five causes of perinatal mortality in Nanshan District,Shenzhen were birth defects,umbilical cord factors,placental abruption,and individuals factors,and birth defects accounted for a relatively high proportion.Conclusion Birth defects of elderly women and neonates are the main causes of perinatal mortality in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City.Advocating eugenics and prenatal care,strengthening the management of elderly pregnant women,promoting health care knowledge,screening and diagnosing prenatally,thereby reducing the mortality of perinatal infants.