澜沧江中下游流域古茶树叶片表型性状形态多样性分析

Morphological Diversity Analysis of Ancient Tea Planted in Middle and Lower Reaches of Lancang River

【目的】研究澜沧江中下游流域古茶树形态多样性的丰富性,为古茶树资源的保护与利用提供依据。【方法】以澜沧江中下游流域的5个云南省州(市)共45份茶树资源为分析材料,对茶树的叶质、叶形、叶长、叶宽、叶面积等20个叶片表型性状进行了形态多样性分析,根据变异系数、Shannon-Weaver、聚类分析等方法分析,【结果】45份茶树资源20个叶片表型性状的平均变异系数为29.63%,变异系数最大的为芽叶颜色(60%),最小的为叶脉对数(18%),平均多样性指数为1.305,多样性指数最大的为叶脉对数(1.99),最小的为叶基(0.30),基于45份茶树资源20个叶片表型性状聚类分析,在欧氏距离为4时,聚为4类。【结论】澜沧江中下游流域古茶树有着丰富的变异程度和形态多样性。

【Objective】This article aimed to study the morphological diversity of ancient tea plant resources in middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River,and lay a good foundation for reasonable protection of the ancient tea plant resources and use it effectively.【Method】Morphological diversity analysis of 45 ancient tea plants in the middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River was studied based on 20 leaf phenotypic characters such as leaf texture,leaf shape,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and so on,the method variable coefficient,Shannon-Weaver and cluster analysis were used.【Result】The average variable coefficient of the 45 ancient tea plants was 29.63%,and the variable coefficient of young shoot color was the maximum(60%),while vein logarithm was the minimum(18%).The average Shannon-Weaver index was 1.305,the diversity coefficient of vein logarithm was the maximum(1.99),and phyllopodium was the minimum(0.30).Furthermore,the 45 ancient tea plants were clustered into 4 groups at the euclidean of 4 based on 20 leaf phenotypic characters.【Conclusion】The ancient tea plants in the middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River had rich variation degree and morphological diversity.