中国北方海区冬季冰标使用分析及航海通告的发布

Analysis of the Winter Ice Buoy in the North China Sea Area and the Promulgation of Notice to Mariners

冰标是中国北方海区冬季特有的航标,是为了保证我国北方冬季大量海上浮冰条件下航标的正常使用,由海事部门布设的冬季专用浮标。结合对我国北方海区冬季浮冰情况的分析,从冬季冰标的原理、构造、历年以来的布设情况和最新的技术发展等方面,阐述了冬季冰标是如何在浮冰环境中正常发挥工作,并通过对海图上合理表示冬季冰标的方法和原则进行探讨,提出区分不同的冰标类型,分别以正式通告和临时通告的形式在航海通告中发布冬季冰标的信息,以最大限度地保证冬季海上的航行安全。

Ice buoy is a kind of special marks set up in the North China Sea area by the Maritime Department of Ministry of Communications for the purpose of ensuring the normal use of navigation marks under the condition of large numbers of floating ice on the sea.Combined with an analysis on the conditions of floating ice in the North China Sea area in winter,this paper mainly illustrates the application of the winter ice buoy from the perspective of its working theory,structure,historical setting background and the recent technological development etc.Furthermore,based on a research of the methods and principles for the scientific representation of the ice buoy on charts,this paper proposes that different types of ice buoys should be distinguished and that notice to mariners and temporary notice to mariners should be used separately to promulgate information on winter ice buoys to reassure safe navigation in winter.