地区社会信任多样性对个体创业进入决策的影响研究--来自全球33个国家的经验证据

A Study on the Effect of Regional Trust Diversity on Individual Entrepreneurial Entry Decision--Empirical Evidences from 33 Countries

地区社会信任包含社会信任水平和社会信任多样性两个维度,现有研究集中于探讨社会信任水平的前因和后果,对社会信任多样性研究较少。本研究致力于揭示地区社会信任多样性对个体创业进入决策的影响机理,以丰富和拓展现有研究。基于理论分析和来自全球33个国家的个体层面调查数据的实证检验发现:(1)地区社会信任多样性与个体创业进入呈倒U型关系,说明地区社会信任多样性过高或过低都不利于个体进行创业;(2)地区产权保护程度越高,地区社会信任多样性对个体创业进入的影响越弱,说明在产权保护程度差的地区的个体更要注意评估社会信任多样性对创业的影响;(3)个体创业知识和技能越丰富,越能适应和应对社会信任等外部环境因素对创业的影响,地区社会信任多样性对个体创业进入的影响越弱。本研究将关注点从社会信任水平转移到社会信任多样性,不仅有助于丰富和拓展社会信任与创业研究,而且对个体制定创业决策和政府优化创业环境有重要启示。

Social trust of a region includes two core dimensions:trust level and trust diversity.Prior studies focused on the causes and consequences of regional trust level,while paid less attention to trust diversity.This study tries to reveal the effect of regional trust diversity on individual entrepreneurial entry to enrich and extend prior researches.Based on theoretical analysis and empirical tests of 107,107 observations of individual entrepreneurship from 33 countries,we find that:(1)regional trust diversity has an inverted U-shaped relationship with individual entrepreneurial entry,indicating that it is not conducive to entrepreneurship when regional trust diversity is too high or too low.(2)The higher the level of regional protection of property rights,the weaker the effect of trust diversity on individual entrepreneurial entry,indicating that individuals in areas with poor protection of property rights should pay more attention to the possible effect of trust diversity on entrepreneurship.(3)Individuals with rich entrepreneurial knowledge and skills are more able to adapt to and deal with the influence of external environment factors(e.g.social trust)on entrepreneurship,indicating that the effect of trust diversity on individual entrepreneurial entry will be weaker for individuals with rich entrepreneurial knowledge and skills.This study switches the research focus of social trust from trust level to trust diversity,which not only enriches and extends the research on social trust and entrepreneurship,but also generates practical implications for individuals to make better entrepreneurial decisions and government to improve the entrepreneurial environment.