2018年山东省成人自报健康预期寿命测算研究

A study on self-reported health-adjusted life expectancy of adults in Shandong Province, 2018

目的了解山东省成人健康预期寿命(HALE)水平及分布情况,为促进卫生资源合理分配,制定相关健康卫生政策提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对山东省17个县(市、区)10 927名常住成人居民进行自评健康调查问卷调查,采用HOPIT模型对自评健康数据进行校正,获得成人居民伤残测度后,结合2018年山东省死因监测数据,利用Sullivan法测算山东省成人居民自评健康预期寿命。结果校正后居民整体伤残测度明显升高,且女性高于男性。20岁成人居民平均预期寿命(LE)、HALE分别为59.78、39.02岁,HALE/LE为65.27%,HALE/LE随着年龄的增长逐渐降低。20岁成人男性居民LE、HALE分别为56.98、38.90岁,HALE/LE为68.28%;20岁女性LE、HALE分别为61.98、39.26岁,HALE/LE为63.34%。各年龄组LE、HALE女性均高于男性,但HALE/LE女性均低于男性。结论山东省成人居民女性HALE高于男性,老年人HALE较低,在今后的卫生保健服务工作中要关注性别、年龄差异。

Objective To investigate the level and distribution of health-adjusted life expectancy(HALE) among adults in Shandong Province, so as to provide references for the rational distribution of health resources and decision-making. Methods A self-reported health survey was conducted among 10 927 adult residents in 17 counties(cities or districts) of Shandong Province with a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The data collected were adjusted with HOPIT model. The HALE was calculated with Sullivan?s method. Results The severity-weighted prevalence of disability increased significantly after the adjustment with HOPIT model, and was higher in women than in men. The average life expectancy(LE) and HALE of residents aged ≥20 were 59.78 and 39.02 years, respectively. The ratio of HALE/LE was 65.27%, which decreased with age. The LE, HALE and ratio of HALE/LE among male residents were 56.98 years, 38.90 years and 68.28%, respectively, whereas those among female residents were 61.98 years, 39.26 years and 63.34%, respectively. In all age groups, the LE and HALE were higher in female residents than in male residents, but the ratio of HALE/LE was lower. Conclusion The HALE of female is higher than male, and the HALE of elder residents is low. Close attention should be paid to gender and age in health care services.