医学生艾滋病健康教育干预效果的Meta分析

A Meta-analysis of the Effects of AIDS Health Education Among Medical Students

目的综合评价医学生艾滋病健康教育干预总体效果,为在医学生中进行艾滋病健康教育提供科学依据。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方中国学术期刊数据、维普中文科技期刊数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed等中英文数据库,收集2000年1月1日-2020年2月13日公开发表的关于中国医学生艾滋病健康教育干预效果的文献。使用RevMan5.3软件对入选的文献进行Meta分析。结果健康教育后“正确使用安全套可以降低或预防艾滋病传播”的知晓率提高了22%。“反对婚前性行为”“愿意和艾滋病患者一起工作或生活”“愿意为艾滋病患者提供帮助和治疗”的正向态度持有率分别提高了20%、26%、16%。分层分析结果显示积极的健康教育在除安全套知识外比一般健康教育效果更好。健康教育前后医学生对于艾滋病患者的服务意识未见明显提升。结论对医学生进行艾滋病健康教育及教学有积极作用;高校在进行艾滋病健康教育的过程中应涉及多方面内容(基础知识、公益教育、职业防护知识等),尽早以及有针对性的开展艾滋病专业知识教学。

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the overall effects of AIDS related health education on medical students,and provide scientific basis for AIDS health education.Methods A computerized literature search was carried out in China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang,VIP and Pub Med databases to collect articles published between Jan 1th of 2010 and Feb 13th of 2020 concerning the effects of AIDS education intervention in medical students.Meta analysis of the selected literature was performed through using RevMan5.3 software.Results After health education,awareness rate of the"correct use of condoms can reduce or prevent the spread of HIV"increased by 22%.The positive attitudes of"opposing premarital sex","willing to work or live with AIDS patients"and"willing to provide AIDS patients with help and treatment"increased by 20%,26%and 16%,respectively.The results of stratified analysis showed that positive health education was more effective than general health education except condom knowledge.Before and after health education,medical students'service awareness of AIDS patients did not significantly improve.Conclusion It plays an active role in AIDS health education and teaching for medical students.In the process of AIDS health education,colleges and universities should involve various contents(basic knowledge,public welfare education,occupational protection knowledge,etc.),and carry out AIDS professional knowledge teaching as early as possible and in a targeted way.