整车显控界面的工效学研究

Research on Ergonomics of Vehicles Display and Control Interface

建立了一套显控界面测评体系,对整车显控界面人机交互特性进行全面整体评价。根据汽车驾驶功能和人机交互特性,将显控界面工效学评价指标体系分为4个大指标和29个小指标;从驾驶水平、身体特征等多个方面选择了18名有代表性的驾驶员,在体验5辆车的驾驶情况后进行主观测评。结果表明:仪表加上圆筒会影响视野,油量表和冷却液温度表布置在仪表盘中央会影响重要信息的交互;方向盘最大操纵力过大和缓冲时间短都会导致驾驶不舒适感;加速踏板与制动踏板相对距离太近,容易误碰或误操作,踏板高度过高会造成踏板操作不舒适;A型汽车的显控界面工效学最优。

A set of evaluation methods for the display and control interface were established to make a comprehensively overall evaluation of the human-machine interaction characteristics of the physical vehicle display and control interface.According to the driving function of the car and the characteristics of human-machine interaction,the ergonomic evaluation indicator system of the display and control interface was divided into 4 primary indicators and 29 secondary indicators;taking consideration of driving level and physical characteristics,18 representative drivers were conducted subjective assessment after experiencing the driving situation of 5 vehicles.The results show that the cylinder over the instrument panel affects the visual field.The arrangement of the oil gauge and the coolant temperature gauge in the center of the instrument panel affects the interaction of important information.Excessive maximum steering force and short buffer time cause uncomfortable driving.The relatively close distance between the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal increases the probability of accidentally touching or misusing,and the excessive pedal height causes the pedal operation to be uncomfortable.The ergonomics of the display and control interface of Type A vehicles are optimal.