基于地理探测器的杨凌示范区生态环境质量影响因素定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of the Factors Affecting Ecological Environment Quality in Yangling Demonstration Zone Based on Geographical Detector

以陕西省杨凌示范区为研究区域,利用遥感生态指数模型(RSEI)结果表征区域生态环境质量状况,以地形、气候、土壤、植被、人类活动等因子,以及模型自身的结构因子作为分析因子,应用地理探测器方法,从单因子分析及多因子交互作用分析2个层面,定量探测诸因子对RSEI模型结果的影响程度,进而揭示研究区生态环境质量状况主要的影响因素,以及因子间交互作用的影响方式。结果表明,在单因子分析层面,归一化水汽指数(NDMI)对杨凌示范区RSEI空间分异特征的解释力最强,是研究区生态环境质量状况最重要的影响因素;在多因子交互分析层面:研究区RSEI空间分异特征是多种因子共同作用的结果,所有因子在交互作用下均有协同增强的作用;NDMI与绿度分量协同作用的影响最为显著,解释力高达91.9%;归一化差值不透水面指数(NDISI)与土地利用类型交互作用的解释力,较二者分别作为独立变量时的解释力有极大的提升,非线性增强溢出C值高达0.258。依据以上研究结果,杨凌示范区在未来生态环境规划、管理中,NDMI可作为重要的指标和因子用于指示区域环境质量状况。另外也应重点关注多因素之间的交互作用对区域生态环境质量的影响,特别是城市建设与土地利用方式交互的影响。

It is the most important basis for regional ecological environment planning and management to timely monitor regional ecological environment quality,grasp its spatial distribution pattern,and analyze and reveal its main influencing factors.Taking Yangling Demonstration Zone as an example,RSEI(remote sensing ecological index)model's results were used to represent regional ecological environment quality.Single factor analysis and multi-factor interaction analysis were conducted by using the factors such as the terrain,climate,soil,vegetation,and human activity,as well as model structure factors with geographical detector method to quantitatively detect the influence degree of various factors,so as to reveal the main influencing factors of the ecological environment quality in the study area and the influence way of the interaction among factors.The results showed that from the perspective of single factor,the normalized different moisture index(NDMI)had the strongest explanatory power on RSEI spatial differentiation in Yangling,which was the most important influencing factor.The RSEI spatial differentiation was the result of the interaction of various factors,all of which had synergistic enhancement effect under the interaction.The interaction between NDMI and green component had the strongest influence on RSEI,the explanatory power was up to 91.9%.The interaction between the normalized difference impermeable water surface index(NDISI)and land use type was greatly enhanced compared with that of the two as independent variables,in which the C value(the nonlinear enhancement overflow)reached up to 0.258.Therefore,NDMI can be used as an important index and factor to indicate the regional environmental quality in the future ecological environment planning indicator of for Yangling Demonstration Zone.In addition,attention should be paid to the impact of the interaction between multiple factors on the regional ecological environment,especially the interaction between urban construction and land use mode.