胶园间作土壤养分及土壤肥力的综合评价

Comprehensive Assessment of Soil Nutrient and Soil Fertility of Rubber Plantation by Different Intercropping Models

为了解德宏垦区不同间作模式下胶园土壤养分状况及科学评价土壤肥力,选取4块橡胶不同间作模式的样地,取样分析了胶园土壤11个主要养分指标,探讨了土壤主要养分含量差异,并通过主成分分析法对土壤肥力进行了综合评价,试验结果表明:橡胶×茶叶模式土壤养分中全氮、全钾、有效磷、全量镁含量高于其它模式,与其它间作模式之间水分、pH、有机质、全磷、有效磷、全钾、全量铜、全量锌、全量镁含量存在显著差异。各间作模式土壤肥力大小的顺序为:橡胶×茶叶>橡胶×咖啡×茶叶>橡胶×坚果×香蕉>橡胶×咖啡。橡胶×茶叶模式既可以充分利用空间和营养,提高土壤肥力,又可以带来更高的经济效益,是一种值得推广的橡胶间作模式。

For better understanding the soil nutrient status of the rubber plantation and evaluating soil fertility scientifically under different intercropping model in rubber plantation in Dehong reclamation area,we selected four plots of different rubber intercropping models,analyzed 11 main nutrient indexes of soil sample in the rubber plantation,discussed the differences of soil main nutrient contents and evaluated the soil fertility by principal component analysis.The results showed that the content of total nitrogen,total potassium,available phosphorus and total magnesium in the soil nutrient of rubber×tea pattern was higher than other modes,and there was a significant difference among the water,pH,organic matter,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium,total copper,total zinc and total magnesium content.The order of soil fertility among the intercropping models was:rubber×tea>rubber×coffee×tea>rubber×nut×banana>rubber×coffee.The rubber×tea intercropping model could make full use of space and nutrition,improve soil fertility,and bring higher economic benefits,so it was a rubber intercropping model worthy of promotion.