国内外稠油降黏开采技术发展与应用

Development and Application of Heavy Oil Viscosity Reduction Technology at Home and Abroad

对稠油进行有效开采的根本措施在于降低稠油黏度,提高其流动性。本文介绍和比较了注蒸汽加热降黏、火烧油层、乳化分散降黏、催化降黏、掺稀降黏及微生物降黏等国内外主要的稠油降黏开采技术的机理、发展及应用状况,总结了各降黏技术的特点以及现阶段的不足,提出了稠油降黏开采技术的发展方向。

Viscosity reduction and mobility improvement are very crucial in heavy oil recovery.The mechanism,development and application of main viscosity reduction methods at home and abroad were discussed and compared,including thermal treatment based on steam injection,fire flooding,emusification,catalytic reaction,solvent dilution and microbial viscosity reduction.The characteristics and disadvantages of these methods were summarized.Finally,the development directions of heavy oil viscosity reduction technology were proposed.