汉字多元视角取象特征分析:基于手语与汉字的比较

An Analysis of the Multiple Image-taking Features of the Chinese Characters:Based on Comparison between Sign Language and Chinese Characters

汉字与手语是人类传递信息的载体,同属于视觉符号系统,都具有空间性特质。汉字是一种历史悠久且具有表意特征的象形文字,体现出其独特的观物取象特征。手语是聋人表达思想、进行交际的主要工具,是一种形式和意义结合的视觉符号系统,所体现的多元视角下的取象特征比汉字更直接、更明了。基于手语与汉字的视觉符号性和空间性等共性特征,文本将手语与汉字的取象视角进行比较,使汉字中积淀的观物取象活动凸显出来,指出汉字具有平视、仰视、俯视、流观、复合等多元视角取象特征,并认识到汉字多元视角取象特征的形成与人类在自然界中所处的位置、观物取象的视觉经验、视觉符号的创造、表达意义的需要等因素直接相关。利用手语所负载的信息可以研究更多的汉字问题,为汉字研究提供一种新的视角。

Chinese characters and sign language are the carriers of human information,both belong to the visual symbol system,and all have spatial characteristics.Chinese character is a kind of pictograph with a long history and ideographic features,which embodies the unique characteristics of seeing things and taking images.Sign language is the main tool for deaf people to express and communicate their thoughts.It is a visual symbol system that combines form and meaning,showing a clearer and more direct image taking characteristics from multiple perspectives than Chinese characters.Based on the common characteristics of visual symbol and space between sign language and Chinese characters,this paper compares the visual perspective of sign language and Chinese characters,highlights the activities of viewing objects and images accumulated in Chinese characters,analyzes the multi perspective image features of Chinese characters such as head up,looking up,looking down,flow view and compound,and recognizes the formation of multi perspective image features of Chinese characters and human beings in nature.The position,visual experience,the creation of visual symbols and the need to express meaning are directly related.Using the information loaded by sign language,we can study more Chinese characters from a new perspective.