竹炭添加对厨余垃圾好氧堆肥过程的影响

Influence of Bamboo Biochar Addition on Composting Process of Kitchen Waste

为了探讨竹炭对厨余垃圾好氧堆肥过程的影响,向厨余垃圾添加稻草调节堆肥原料初始含水率为70%后,分别添加0%和5%的竹炭(竹炭与堆肥原料湿基比)进行为期15 d的好氧堆肥,研究了堆肥过程中堆体温度、厨余垃圾和稻草有机物降解率及堆肥腐熟程度的变化。结果表明:竹炭的添加增加了厨余垃圾好氧堆肥高温(>55℃)持续时间,且高温阶段的前4天,添加5%竹炭堆体温度都明显高于对照;竹炭的添加提高了堆肥过程中有机物的降解率,堆肥结束时,与添加5%竹炭堆体其厨余垃圾和稻草的有机物降解率分别比对照提高了20.6%和29.2%,表征腐熟化程度的SUVA254和SUVA280值分别提高了15.6%和12.4%。以上结果表明,竹炭的添加促进了厨余垃圾堆肥过程有机物的降解,提高了堆肥产品的腐熟程度。

In order to study the effect of bamboo biochar addition on the composting process of kitchen waste,rice straw was added to kitchen waste for adjusting the initial moisture content to 70%,and then bamboo biochar was addedto the kitchen waste at the ratio of 0%and 5%(wet base ratio of bamboo biochar to raw compost materials)for aerobic composting for 15 days.The changes of composting temperature,degradation rate of organic matter in kitchen waste and straw,and maturity degree of compost were investigated.The results showed that the addition of 5%bamboo biochar increased the temperature(>55℃)maintenance time of aerobic composting of kitchen waste.In the first 4 days of the high temperature,the temperature of the addition of 5%bamboo biochar composting pile was significantly higher than that of the control composting pile.The addition of bamboo biochar increased the degradation rates of organic matter and maturity degree of compost.After composting,compared with the control treatment,the organic matter degradation rates of kitchen waste and rice straw in 5%(w/w)bamboo biochar treatment were increased by 20.6%and29.2%,and their maturity degree(SUVA254 and SUVA280)were increased by 15.6%and 12.4%,respectively.The above results indicated that the addition of bamboo biochar could accelerate the degradation of organic matter and strengthen the maturity of aerobic composting of kitchen waste.