急诊ICU肺部感染患者的临床特点及预防分析

Clinical Characteristics and Prevention Analysis of Emergency ICU Patients with Pulmonary Infection

目的阐述急诊ICU肺部感染患者予以肺部感染预防治疗的具体措施及应用价值,并对患者临床相关特点及病原菌分布、病因予以分析。方法该次研究时间选定自2016年1月—2019年10月止,研究对象方便选择该院急诊ICU收治患者62例,均在常规护理基础上做好肺部感染预防,观察肺部感染患者的临床特点表现,探究病原菌的分布情况,另外统计并分析诱发肺部感染的相关因素。结果此次62例ICU患者经预防护理干预后,20例出现肺部感染情况,占比32.26%,肺部感染患者症状表现以咳嗽咳痰、胸闷气促为主,且伴有白细胞指标升高情况。患者痰液样本中,以肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌占比最高。结合患者临床资料发现,年龄超过80岁感染率24.19%、基础疾病超过2种感染率22.58%、侵入操作感染率19.35%均与肺部感染密切联系(t=13.260、12.180、5.640,P<0.05)。结论对于急诊ICU患者来讲,年龄越大、基础性疾病越多、实施侵入性操作等均容易诱发肺部感染,因而需做好预防工作,以保障患者安全。

Objective To elaborate the specific measures and application value of pulmonary infection prevention and treatment in emergency ICU patients with pulmonary infection,and analyze the clinical characteristics,pathogenic bacteria distribution and etiology of patients.Methods The time of this study was convenient selected from January 2016 to October 2019.The study subjects selected 62 patients in the hospital's emergency ICU.All of them were based on routine nursing to prevent lung infections.Observe the lung infections.Observe the clinical characteristics,explore the distribution of pathogenic bacteria,and statistics and analysis of related factors that induce lung infections.Results After 62 preventive nursing interventions,20 patients with ICU had lung infections,accounting for 32.26%.The symptoms of lung infections were mainly cough,sputum,chest tightness,shortness of breath,and accompanied by elevated white blood cell indicators.Among the sputum samples of patients,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for the highest proportion.Combined with the clinical data of patients,it was found that the infection rate of 24.19%over the age of 80 years,22.58%of the infection rate of more than 2 basic diseases,and 19.35%of the invasive operation infection rate were closely related to lung infection(t=13.260,12.180,5.640,P<0.05).Conclusion For emergency ICU patients,the older they are,the more basic diseases they are,and the invasive procedures are easy to induce lung infections.Therefore,preventive work needs to be done to ensure the safety of patients.