原料及制作工艺对富阳竹纸性能的影响

The influences of raw material and papermaking technology on the properties of Fuyang bamboo paper

富阳竹纸的制作工序繁多,不同的原料和工艺均会使得纸张的品质及性能有所差异。为探讨原料和工艺对富阳竹纸性能的影响,选用不同竹种、制作工艺的4种富阳竹纸为研究对象,对所选竹纸的纤维形态、紧度、D65亮度、抗张指数及断裂伸长率、热稳定性等进行测试分析。试验结果表明:制作工艺对成纸的纤维形态产生一定的影响,进而影响纸张的紧度、强度等性能。原料未去青的富阳竹纸,其紧度、D65亮度等性能较低。制浆时增加煮料次数,有利于竹料的打浆和提升竹纸的抗张指数,但打浆时间过长易使纸浆纤维发生打断等损伤,影响竹纸的强度。化学漂白及多次碱煮处理可以提高富阳竹纸的紧度、D65亮度和柔韧性等性能,但会降低纸张的热解温度,从而对竹纸的热稳定性产生不利的影响。4种富阳竹纸中,苦竹纸在热失重的初始分解温度(T 0.05)、半寿温度(T 0.5)以及最大质量损失率温度(T max)均高于毛竹纸,即苦竹纸的热稳定性优于毛竹纸。因此,实际生产中,应根据用纸的性能需求,采用合适的原料和制作工艺。

Papermaking technology of Fuyang bamboo paper was placing high on the priority catalogue of the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2006.The production of Fuyang bamboo paper is complicated.Various raw materials and papermaking technologies will lead to different properties of the bamboo paper.This study selected four kinds of Fuyang bamboo paper with different bamboo species and technologies for experiments.Based on the test results of the fiber micromorphology,density,D65 brightness,tensile index,stretch at break and thermal stability of samples,combined with the properties of the bamboo paper and its background,the influences of the raw material and technology on the properties of Fuyang bamboo paper were investigated in this study.The experimental results showed that the papermaking technologies had influences on the fiber micromorphology and characteristics of paper,which affected the density,strength and other properties of the bamboo paper.Among the four kinds of Fuyang bamboo paper,the paper with the bamboo outer skin in raw material had lower density and D65 brightness.The bamboo outer skin would downgrade some properties of the handmade bamboo paper.Multiple cooking was contributing to pulp beating and improving the tensile index of bamboo paper.However,the pulp fibers and the strength of bamboo paper may be damaged after the long time beating.If bamboo paper is required to have good strength,it should control the best beating time.The treatment of chemical bleaching and multiple cooking can further remove lignin and impurities,so improve the density,D65 brightness and flexibility of Fuyang bamboo paper.However,these two processes would reduce the pyrolysis temperature of bamboo paper and adversely affect its thermal stability.Generally,the paper used for restoring ancient books is required good stability,so it should not be excessively bleached.The initial pyrolysis temperature(T 0.05),temperature of 50%weight loss(T 0.5)and temperature of maximum weight loss(T max)of the bitter bamboo paper were higher than the moso bamboo paper in the four kinds of Fuyang bamboo paper,which indicated that the bitter bamboo paper had better thermal stability.Consequently,the suitable raw materials and papermaking technologies can be used according to the property requirements of paper.This study discussed the scientific relationship among the properties of Fuyang bamboo paper and its raw materials and papermaking technologies,which could provide scientific references for the selection of raw materials and the optimization of technologies of making Fuyang bamboo paper.