纳米材料对生物凝聚态的调控

Regulation of Condensed States of Biological Macromolecules by Rationally Designed Nanomaterials

生物大分子的凝聚态及其动态变化过程涉及许多重要的生理及病理过程,如凝血现象与阿尔茨海默病。对上述生物凝聚态过程进行研究,发展对这些凝聚态过程的调控方法,进而发展相应的疾病诊断治疗新策略,具有非常重大的意义。纳米技术基于原子或分子组装可构建出新型的纳米功能器件或具有新颖生物效应的纳米材料,为解决生物医学领域的重大问题提供了强有力的研究手段。利用一系列的纳米材料可以发展对生物凝聚态的调控新方法,通过控制肿瘤血管凝血和制备纳米抗凝剂等实现对于凝血过程的调控,通过识别、结合、调控淀粉样蛋白及其聚集状态,实现阿尔茨海默病的诊断与治疗。对于生物凝聚态及其调控进行详细的研究,有望为开发新一代纳米药物提供新思路与新途径。

The condensed states of biological macromolecules and their dynamic changes are related to many important physiological and pathological processes,such as coagulation and Alzheimer’s disease.Study of these processes is essential for patients with coagulation-associated diseases or Alzheimer’s disease.The development of effective regulating agents capable of interacting with such biomolecules has been suggested as a solution for diagnosis and therapy.The application of nanotechnology to medicine enable the design and fabrication of novel functional nanomaterials for disease treatment.In this review,we summarize the recent successful efforts to employ functional nanomaterials for regulating coagulation(triggering tumor vessel occlusion or fabricating nanoanticoagulants)and altering the aggregation and clearance of amyloid-β(Aβ).The remaining challenges and open opportunities are also discussed.