单性结实樱桃番茄种质材料研究与抗病新种质创制

Study on Germplasm Materials of Parthenocarpic Cherry Tomato and Creation of New Germplasm with Disease Resistance

以5份单性结实樱桃番茄种质材料为研究对象,调查了果实内的种子数量、鉴定了黄化曲叶病毒病(TYLCVD)和灰叶斑病(GLSD)的抗病性;以材料CP28为研究对象,分析了单性结实性状的遗传规律和子房的发育过程;开展了抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病和番茄灰叶斑病单性结实新种质的创制。结果表明:单性结实材料单果种子数在不同位置花序间表现差异较大,变异系数高达120%以上,平均单果种子数在6.44~7.41粒之间,明显少于普通材料;5份材料都不抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病,材料CP24和CR3表现出抗番茄灰叶斑病;通过遗传群体内单性结实性状分离情况分析,得出材料CP28的单性结实性状由隐性单基因控制的结论;通过石蜡切片看出,日温15℃/夜温5℃低温栽培条件下子房内几乎没有胚珠,日温25℃/夜温15℃温度栽培条件下子房内有数量多少不等的胚珠,并且能正常发育;创制了3份兼抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病和番茄灰叶斑病单性结实新种质,为多抗性单性结实新品种的培育奠定了基础。

The number of seeds in the fruit was investigated and resistance to yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCVD) and gray leaf spot(GLSD) were identified with five parthenocarpic cherry tomato germplasm materials;The genetic law of parthenocarpy was studied and the development of ovary was observed using CP28;The TYLCVD and GLSD parthenocarpic cherry tomato germplasm was constructed. The results showed that the number of single fruit seeds varied greatly in different positions of parthenocarpic cherry tomato,the coefficient of variation was more than 120%,and the average number of single fruit seeds was between 6.44~7.41,which was significantly less than that of non-parthenocarpic cherry tomato. No material was resistant to TYLCVD,but CP24,CR3 were resistant against GLSD. Based on the analysis of segregation of the genetic population,we concluded that the parthenocarpic trait of CP28 was controlled by recessive monogene. The paraffin sections showed no ovule in the ovary of tomato plants grown under low temperature(day/night temperature of 15 ℃/5 ℃),while some normal developed ovules were observed in tomato plants grown under normal temperature(day/night temperature of 25 ℃/15 ℃). Three new parthenocarpic germplasm resistant to both TYLCVD and GLSD were constructed,It laid a foundation for breeding of new cherry tomato varieties with parthenocarpy and multiple resistance.