新冠肺炎疫情后糖尿病患者血糖及情绪管理的调查研究

Study on glycemic profiles and emotional scales in diabetic patients after the outbreak of COVID-19

目的:调查新冠肺炎疫情后糖尿病患者的血糖和情绪管理情况。方法:采用问卷调查的方式,分析糖尿病患者在疫情发生前后(疫情前6个月和疫情发生后4个月)血糖及代谢指标的变化,以及疫情后糖尿病患者的情绪状况,研究疫情对糖尿病患者的影响。结果:本次调查共纳入136例糖尿病患者。患者平均年龄62.5岁,平均病程10.1年。在血糖及代谢方面,疫情后与疫情前比较,血糖(空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、HbA 1C)、血脂(三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇)和体重均无统计学差异( P>0.05)。在情绪方面,根据焦虑、抑郁、睡眠相关量表的评估:76.5%患者无焦虑症状,61.0%~69.9%无抑郁症状,52.0%无睡眠障碍。19.9%的患者有轻度焦虑症状,25.7%~30.9%患者有轻度抑郁症状,28.3%的患者有轻度睡眠障碍。2.9%的患者有中度焦虑症状,2.2%~8.1%患者有中度抑郁症状,14.2%的患者有中度睡眠障碍。重度患者占极少部分,其中0.7%的患者有焦虑症状(GAD-7 15分及以上)、2.2%的患者有抑郁症状(PHQ9和PHQ15 15分及以上)和5.6%的患者有睡眠障碍(PSQI 15分及以上)。轻度及中重度抑郁、睡眠障碍的患者及中重度焦虑症状的患者与无症状的患者相比,糖化血红蛋白没有明显差异,而轻度焦虑症状患者的糖化血红蛋白低于无症状患者,且有统计学差异。 结论:疫情后糖尿病患者血糖有升高趋势,但无统计差异;体重和血脂变化也无统计学差异。疫情后部分糖尿病患者有轻度焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍,其中极少数患者有中重度症状。

Objective To observe the glycemic profiles and emotion management in diabetic patients after the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods A questionnaire survey was used to observe the blood glucose levels and metabolic indexes before and after the outbreak of COVID-19,and to detect emotion ratings after the outbreak of COVID-19.The aim of the study is to present the effects of the COVID-19 on glycemic and emotional management in diabetic patients.Results A total of 136 patients were included in this survey.The average age of the patients was 62.5 years old,and the average duration of diabetes was 10.1 years.Glycemic profiles(fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,HbA1C),lipid profiles(triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol),and body weight were not significantly different before and after the outbreak of COVID-19(P>0.05).According to emotional scales(scores of anxiety,depression,and sleep-related scales),76.5%diabetic patients did not develop anxiety symptoms,61.0%~69.9%diabetic patients did not have depressive symptoms and 52.0%diabetic patients did not have sleep disorder.19.9%diabetic patients had mild anxiety symptoms,25.7%~30.9%diabetic patients presented mild depression symptoms and 28.3%diabetic patients had mild sleep disorders.2.9%diabetic patients had moderate anxiety,2.2%~8.1%diabetic patients had moderate depression and 14.2%diabetic patients had moderate sleep disorder.Only a very small part of patients presented severe emotional symptoms including 0.7%patients with anxiety symptoms(GAD-715 points and above),2.2%patients with depressive symptoms(PHQ9 and PHQ1515 points and above)and 5.6%patients with sleep symptoms(PSQI 15 points and above).Compared with asymptomatic patients,neither patients with mild and moderate/severe depression and sleep disorder showed significant difference in HbA1C,nor did patients with moderate/severe anxiety symptoms.However,patients with mild anxiety symptoms showed significant lower HbA1C than asymptomatic patients.Conclusion After the outbreak of COVID-19,there was an increasing trend in blood glucose,but there was no statistical difference.Body weight,lipids profiles were not different in diabetic patients,either.Most of diabetic patients had mild symptoms of anxiety,depression and sleep disorders.Very few patients presented moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety,depression and sleep disorders.