论余华小说《兄弟》的接受及其异质性

On the Acceptance and Heterogeneity of Yu Hua’s Novel“Brothers”

余华小说《兄弟》的接受情况复杂,国内外专业批评领域争议较大,普通读者意见相对趋同。这种现象的出现,一方面,基于文本自身的异质性,主要表现为现实主义、现代主义和后现代主义并存的多重时间性,叙事手法的极端夸张;另一方面,受道德观念、媒介承载、学术立场、审美观念等多种因素影响,专业批评歧异与读者评论类同形成对照,反映“无功利阅读”的回归,呼唤文学批评视野重视“表层阅读”的价值。

The acceptance of Yu Hua's novel"Brothers"is complicated,the field of professional criticism at home and abroad is more controversial,and the opinions of ordinary readers are relatively convergent.On the one hand,based on the heterogeneity of the text itself,it is mainly manifested in the multiple time nature of realism,modernism and postmodernism,and the extreme exaggeration of narrative techniques;On the other hand,influenced by many factors,such as moral concept,media bearing,academic position,aesthetic concept,the differences of professional criticism are in contrast with the similarities of readers'comments,reflecting the return of"non-utilitarian reading",calling for literary criticism to pay attention to the value of"surface reading".