纳米硒铈联合作用对微波辐射小鼠雄性生殖功能的影响

Joint effects of nano-selenium and nano-cerium on the male reproductive function of mice exposed to microwave radiation

目的研究纳米硒和纳米铈(纳米氧化铈)联合作用对1800 MHz微波辐射(microwave radiation,MR)小鼠雄性生殖功能的影响。方法将42只ICR小鼠随机分为空白对照组、溶剂对照组、微波辐射模型组以及纳米硒铈(纳米硒+纳米铈)低、中、高剂量组。纳米硒铈联合作用各剂量组分别在7:30和18:30灌胃纳米硒溶液(60、120和240μg/kg)和纳米氧化铈溶液(15、30和60μg/kg),空白对照组灌胃等体积蒸馏水,溶剂对照组和微波辐射模型组灌胃等体积羧甲基纤维素钠溶液。在灌胃进行的第2周,灌胃同时,每天对小鼠进行2 h的微波辐射(1800 MHz,电磁波吸收比值0.2986 W/kg)处理。两周后,检测小鼠睾丸每日精子生成量、附睾精子活动度和畸形率,睾丸组织标志酶活性[6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(glucose 6-phosphatedehydrogenase,G6PDH),酸性磷酸酶(acid phosphatase,ACP),乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)]及抗氧化指标[过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT),丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA),总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC)]。结果与溶剂对照组相比,MR导致小鼠精子活动度下降,畸形率上升,睾丸组织G6PDH、ACP和CAT活性下降,LDH活性和MDA含量升高,T-AOC水平下降,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。与微波辐射模型组相比,纳米硒铈中剂量联合作用组睾丸每日精子生成量增加[(18.98±1.27)×10^6/g比(15.53±1.24)×10^6/g],精子畸形率降低(11.74%±0.91%比16.84%±2.05%),纳米硒铈中、高剂量联合作用组附睾精子活动度均增高(61.98%±6.33%、54.17%±4.38%比45.16%±5.01%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。与微波辐射模型组相比,纳米硒铈低、中剂量联合作用组睾丸组织ACP活性升高[11.07±0.98、14.85±1.39比8.72±0.91 nmol/(min·mg prot),P<0.05];纳米硒铈中、高剂量联合作用组G6PDH活性升高[24.12±2.06、21.36±3.65比15.11±1.73 nmol/(min·mg prot),P<0.05],LDH活性降低[15.52±1.17、13.51±1.68比22.46±2.01 nmol/(min·mg prot),P<0.05];纳米硒铈中剂量联合作用组CAT活性升高[17.92±2.03比11.69±0.87 nmol/(min·mg prot),P<0.05],MDA含量下降(5.17±0.62比9.03±0.63 nmol/mg prot,P<0.05);纳米硒铈低、中和高剂量联合作用组T-AOC水平均升高(22.06±1.54、29.36±2.39、21.01±2.47比12.88±1.82 U/mg prot,P<0.05)。结论纳米硒铈联合作用可以改善因微波辐射受损的雄性小鼠生殖功能,并有效缓解微波辐射引起的小鼠睾丸标志酶活性的变化和抗氧化能力的下降。

OBJECTIVE To study effect of nano-selenium and nano-cerium(nano cerium oxide) on the spermatogenic ability of mice irradiated by 1800 MHz microwave radiation(MR). METHODS Forty-two ICR mice were randomly divided into groups: blank control group, solvent control group, microwave radiation model group, low, medium and high dose groups of nano-selenium+nano-cerium. In joint effects groups of nano-selenium and nano-cerium, the nano-selenium solution(60, 120 and 240 μg/kg) and the nano-cerium oxide solution(15, 30, 60 μg/kg) were administered to the stomach at 7:30 in the morning and 18:30 in the evening, respectively. The blank control group was orally administered with an equal volume of distilled water, and the solvent control group and the MR group were orally administered with an equal volume of carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution. During the second week of gastric administration, the mice were exposed to microwave radiation(1800 MHz) for 2 h every day(specific absorption ratio: 0.2986 W/kg). After MR treatment, the daily sperm production of testis, sperm motility and sperm deformity rate in epididymis were measured, and the testicular marker enzymes [G6 PDH(6-phosphatedehydrogenase), ACP(acid phosphatase), LDH(lactate dehydrogenase)], antioxidant indexes [CAT(catalase), MDA(malondialdehyde) and T-AOC(total antioxidant capacity)] in testicular tissue were analyzed. RESULTS Compared with the solvent control group, MR led to the decrease of sperm motility and the increase of sperm deformity rate, decreased the enzymes activities of G6 PDH, ACP and CAT, increased LDH activity and MDA content, and decreased the T-AOC level in testicular tissue, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with the MR group, the joint action of nano-selenium and nano-cerium with medium dose increased the daily sperm production of testis[(18.98±1.27) ×10^6/g vs.(15.53±1.24) ×10^6/g], decreased the sperm deformity rate(11.74%±0.91% vs. 16.84%±2.05%), and the joint action of nano-selenium and nano-cerium with medium and high dose increased the sperm motility in epididymis(61.98%±6.33%, 54.17±4.38 vs. 45.16%±5.01%), and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with the MR group, the joint action of nano-selenium and nano-cerium with low and medium dose increased the activity of ACP(11.07±0.98, 14.85±1.39 vs. 8.72±0.91 nmol/(min·mg prot), P<0.05). The joint action of nano-selenium and nano-cerium with medium and high dose increased the activity of G6 PDH(24.12±2.06, 21.36±3.65 vs. 15.11±1.73 nmol/(min·mg prot), P<0.05) and decreased the activity of LDH(15.52±1.17, 13.51±1.68 vs. 22.46±2.01 nmol/(min·mg prot), P<0.05). The joint action of nano-selenium and nano-cerium with medium dose increased the activity of CAT(17.92±2.03 vs. 11.69±0.87 nmol/(min·mg prot), P<0.05) and decreased the content of MDA(5.17 ±0.62 vs. 9.03 ±0.63 nmol/mg prot, P<0.05). The joint action of nano-selenium and nano-cerium with low, medium and high dose increased the level of T-AOC(22.06±1.54, 29.36±2.39, 21.01±2.47 vs. 12.88±1.82 U/mg prot, P<0.05). CONCLUSION The joint addition of nano-selenium and nano-cerium can improve the reproductive function of male mice exposed to MR, and can effectively alleviate the changes of mouse testicular marker enzyme activity and the decline of antioxidant capacity caused by MR.