上海市售薏苡仁中玉米赤霉烯酮的污染状况及暴露评估

Contamination of zearalenone and its dietary exposure assessment in coix seed in Shanghai

目的了解上海市售薏苡仁中玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEN)的污染状况,以及上海市居民薏苡仁中ZEN的膳食暴露水平。方法采集上海市售薏苡仁147份,检测ZEN含量水平。在上海市采用随机抽样方法和问卷方式调查730名18岁及以上成年人薏苡仁消费情况。结合薏苡仁中ZEN含量水平和薏苡仁消费量数据,基于Monte Carlo模拟方法,对上海市居民通过薏苡仁膳食暴露ZEN情况进行概率评估。结果上海市售薏苡仁中ZEN检出率为69.39%(102/147),含量范围为<1.0~9361μg/kg,平均值为327.7μg/kg。依据薏苡仁中ZEN污染水平结合薏苡仁消费量数据,上海市薏苡仁消费人群ZEN平均暴露水平为0.0216μg/(kg·d),远低于每日耐受摄入量(tolerable daily intake,TDI);高暴露水平(P95)为0.0609μg/(kg·d),约占TDI的24%。同时,约有1.1%上海市薏苡仁消费人群因摄入薏苡仁而使ZEN的暴露水平大于TDI。结论上海市薏苡仁消费人群经薏苡仁摄入导致ZEN暴露的健康风险较低,长期以较高剂量食用ZEN高污染的薏苡仁者,存在ZEN暴露导致的潜在健康风险。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the zearalenone(ZEN)level in coix seed,and assess the risk of dietary exposure of ZEN in coix seed in Shanghai.METHODS The ZEN contents of 147 coix seed samples collected in Shanghai were determined.The consumption data of 730 adults in Shanghai was collected by questionnaire survey with random sampling method.Dietary intake of ZEN from coix seed in Shanghai was simulated by Monte Carlo simulation.RESULTS The total detection rate of ZEN in coix seed was 69.39%(102/147),with the content range of<1.0-9361μg/kg and the average value of 327.7μg/kg.The average exposure level of populations to ZEN in coix seed was 0.0216μg/(kg·d),which was much lower than the tolerable daily intake(TDI).The high exposure level(P95)of populations to ZEN in coix seed was 0.0609μg/(kg·d),which accounted for about 24%of TDI.There were about 1.1%people with the dietary exposure to ZEN exceeding TDI on the basis of the ZEN contents in coix seed and consumption data of coix seed in Shanghai.CONCLUSION The health risk of ZEN exposure of coix seed in Shanghai population is lower when taking coix seed regularly,and there are potential health risks when taking coix seed highly contaminated with ZEN at a higher dose for a long time.