呈贡区土地利用/覆盖变化的时空分异特征及驱动力分析

Analysis on the Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Driving Forces of Land Use/Cover Change in Chenggong District

目前,众多学者关注土地利用/覆盖变化(LUCC)问题,相关研究日益深入,从区域性的角度来研究该问题成为当前国际上开展LUCC研究的一个新趋势。本研究采用定量与定性分析两种方法,以呈贡区为研究对象,进行小尺度范围的研究。基于陆地卫星影像数据提取的分辨率为30 m的呈贡区2003年、2010年和2017年三期TM影像数据,用ENVI遥感图像处理平台进行监督分类,得到监督分类栅格图,进而用Arcgis进行空间分析,研究呈贡区2003-2010年和2010-2017年各时序土地利用变化的时空分异特征,并对驱动力机制进行分时序的分析对比。研究表明,2003-2010年呈贡区的土地利用均衡性和多样性呈逐步增加的趋势,而2010-2017年呈下降的趋势,表明呈贡区的土地利用结构不均衡。2003-2017年,呈贡区土地利用变化情况主要表现为:建设用地和林草地增加,耕地和未利用地减少。促成该类变化的因素主要有自然、社会经济和政策等,但主成分分析表明,主要原因是城市化发展和产业结构调整。

At present,many scholars are concerned about the issue of land use/cover change(LUCC),and related research is getting deeper and deeper,and studying this issue from a regional perspective has become a new trend in the international LUCC research.This study adopted two methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis,taking Chenggong District as the research object,and conducting small-scale research.Based on the three phases of TM image data in 2003,2010 and 2017 in Chenggong District with a resolution of 30 m extracted from land satellite image data,the ENVI remote sensing image processing platform was used for supervised classification,and a supervised classification raster map was obtained,then ArcGIS was used for spatial analysis to study the temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics of land use changes in Chenggong District from 2003 to 2010 and 2010 to 2017,and to analyze and compare the driving force mechanism.Studies had shown that the balance and diversity of land use in Chenggong District from 2003 to 2010 showed a gradual increase,while it showed a downward trend from 2010 to 2017,indicating that the land use structure of Chenggong District was unbalanced.From 2003 to 2017,the land use changes in Chenggong District were mainly manifested as the increase of construction land and forest and grassland,and the decrease of cultivated land and unused land.The main factors contributing to such changes are nature,social economy and policies,but the principal component analysis shows that the main reasons are the development of urbanization and the adjustment of industrial structure.