女子400米自由泳速度分配规律研究

Research on the Speed Distribution of Women’s 400m Freestyle Swimming

本文对2019年全国游泳锦标赛运动员与2019年大学生游泳锦标赛女子400米自由泳项目的前八名的比赛成绩进行解析。分析得出:在女子400米自由泳项目上,高校高水平运动队与全国一流水平相比还有较大的差距,大学生游泳运动员还处于较低的运动水平;全国游泳锦标赛的专业组运动员与全国大学生游泳锦标赛的大学生运动员在50米分段速度分配节奏呈现非常显著性差异;大学生运动员与游泳锦标赛的专业运动员相比,在成绩水平、50米速度分配均呈现不同;但均呈现前、后段快,中间段均速较慢的特点;训练水平越高的运动员速度分配节奏越好,训练水平越低的运动员速度分配节奏越差。

This paper analyzes the competition results of the top eight athletes in the women’s 400 m freestyle at the 2019 National Swimming Championships(NSC)and at the 2019 National University Swimming Championships(NUSC),respectively.The analysis shows that in the event of women’s 400 m freestyle,there still exists a huge gap between the universities’student athletes and the professional athletes.Compared to the professional athletes,student athletes in the NUSC are still in a relatively low skill level.In terms of the tempo,speed distribution,and the performance level(per 50-meter analysis),there is a significant difference between the athletes of the NSC and the athletes of the NUSC.However,it is also observed that similar characteristics among both student athletes and professional athletes–swimming fast at the beginning and the finishing while being relatively slow in the middle.The higher the training level of the athletes is,the better the tempo and the speed are distributed.The lower the training level is,the worse the tempo and the speed are distributed.