漂木灾害研究现状及研究展望

A Review of the Research on Woody Debris Related Disaster and Its Prospect

漂木是山地系统中常见的物质组成,在山地系统中发挥着重要的生态功能。随着山地灾害日益加剧,漂木在被山洪、泥石流搬运过程中常造成严重的灾害效应。基于国内外研究成果,文章首先分析了漂木的运动与堆积规律;在此基础上,从漂木堆积导致的侵蚀作用、雍水作用、溃决作用和漂木冲击作用等四个方面总结了漂木的灾害效应,对漂木灾害效应的评估方法以及常见的漂木灾害减灾措施进行了详细梳理。基于山地灾害防灾减灾需求,分析评价了目前研究存在的问题,提出了应加强基于真实情境的漂木运动堆积规律研究,加强大规模山地灾害条件下漂木灾害效应的研究以及漂木灾害治理过程中去除漂木带来的灾害效应的研究。

Woody debris are quite found in mountain area,and they play significant functions in regulating mountain systems.As geohazards become more predominated in mountains,it may cause serious consequences in the case of transported by debris flow or flash torrents.According to the past researches at home and abroad,in this article it first analyzed the movement and deposition of woody debris,then following by a summary of the hazardous effects from four aspects:erosion effects(especially on bridge piers),backwater effects,dam-break effects of woody debris accumulations and the impact effects of travelling woody debris.Then it concluded the methods of evaluation on woody debris hazards as well as mitigation measures.Based on the needs of mountain geohazard prevention and mitigation,this paper also analyzed the existing insufficiency of current researches,and proposed that much more attentions should be paid on three aspects:woody debris transportation and deposition analysis based on realistic scenario,woody debris related hazards during high-magnitude mountain geohazard events,and the hazard effects related to the removal of woody debris.