典型山区农户生计策略与土地“三生”功能耦合协调度分析

Analysis on Coupling Coordination Degree between Livelihood Strategy for Peasant Households and“Production,Living and Ecological”Functions of Lands in Typical Mountainous Areas,China

农户生计策略与土地功能之间的相互作用关系是区域人地关系的核心。本文基于人地关系理论,以我国西南山区625户农户实证调查数据为基础,构建山区农户生计策略和土地“三生”功能耦合协调度模型,分析二者之间的耦合度、耦合协调度及其地域分异规律。研究表明:(1)农户生计策略与土地“三生”功能存在耦合性,五类农户耦合度均在0.47~0.50,属于中度耦合;(2)农业兼业型农户生计策略与土地“三生”功能耦合协调程度最高。山区农户在投入农业生产的同时,从事其他兼业活动,不仅能够提升可持续收入生计水平,对土地“三生”功能也有良好的保护和促进作用;(3)不同类型山区农户生计策略与土地“三生”功能耦合协调度存在较为明显的地域分异特征:随海拔的升高和地形高差的增大,耦合协调度呈现逐渐降低的趋势;经济较发达山区耦合协调度高于一般发达和欠发达山区。本研究结果可以为山区农户生计改善和国土空间格局优化提供一定理论和实践参考。

The relationship between livelihood strategy of rural households and“production,living and ecological”functions of lands has become a core research topic related to man-earth relationship.How to assort with the relationship is a key issue during the process of mountainous rural development.A coupling coordination degree model between livelihood strategies for rural households and“production,living and ecological”functions of lands in typical mountainous areas was constructed based on the man-earth relationship theory and farm survey data collected from 625 households in mountainous areas of southwestern China.The relevant coupling performance,coupling coordination degree and regional differentiation laws were analyzed.Results demonstrat that:(1)There was a coupling between livelihood strategies for rural households and“production,living and ecological”functions of lands.The coupling degree of five types of rural households ranged from 0.47 to 0.50 which belonged to moderate coupling.(2)The coupling coordination degree between livelihood strategies for part-time households and“production,living and ecological”functions of lands was the highest.Rural livelihoods in mountainous areas were engaged in some business activities in addition to agricultural production,which not only improved the sustainable income and livelihood level,but also well protected and promoted“production,living and ecological”functions of lands.(3)The coupling coordination degrees between livelihood strategies for different types of rural households in mountainous areas and“production,living and ecological”functions of lands varied significantly.With the increase of elevation and relative height difference,the coupling coordination degree declined gradually.The coupling coordination degree in more developed areas was higher than that in less developed areas.Different livelihood strategies should be implemented based on the local“production,living and ecological”functions of lands.Research conclusions could provide theoretical and practical references for improving livelihood of rural households in mountainous areas and for optimizing the national spatial land use patterns.