晚期头颈恶性肿瘤程序性细胞死亡蛋白1免疫治疗的临床研究述评

Clinical comment of programmed cell death protein 1 immunotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer

程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(PD-1)单抗是近年来恶性肿瘤治疗领域具有里程碑意义的药物,PD-1单抗的出现使免疫治疗迅速成为各种恶性肿瘤治疗的新选择。国外大量临床研究已充分证实其在晚期头颈癌的治疗中具有较传统治疗方案更加显著的疗效,同时具有低于细胞毒性药物的不良反应发生率。近期PD-1单抗类药物进入我国临床应用,改变了传统头颈部恶性肿瘤的治疗模式,免疫治疗已经成为复发/转移晚期头颈癌的一线治疗选择。目前,PD-1单抗类药物通过临床试验对其适应证进行不断拓展,同时也在对其生物标志物进行探索和验证。随着研究不断深入,PD-1单抗类药物的应用将趋于个体化、精准化,与传统疗法的联合应用有待临床进一步大样本多中心随机研究的印证。

Anti-programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)monoclonal antibody is a landmark drug in the field of malignant tumor treatment,and its emergence has resulted in the use of immunotherapy in treating various types of malignancies.A large number of clinical studies abroad have shown that it has a more significant effect than traditional strategies in the treatment of advanced head and neck cancer,and it has a significantly lower incidence of adverse events than chemotherapy.Recently,the clinical application of anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in China has changed the traditional treatment mode of head and neck malignant tumors.Immunotherapy has become the first-line treatment option for recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer.Furthermore,the indications of PD-1 monoclonal antibodies have been continuously expanded through clinical trials,and their biomarkers have been explored and validated.The application of PD-1 monoclonal antibodies tend to be individualized and precise and potentially improves the treatment levels of advanced head and neck malignancies.