基于转录组测序的奶牛产奶性状重要功能基因挖掘

Exploration of Key Functional Genes Affecting Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cattle Based on RNA-seq

挖掘奶牛产奶性状功能基因和重要遗传变异历来是我国奶牛分子育种的关键。本研究分别采集高产奶牛和低产奶牛泌乳期的血液组织,利用转录组测序进行高低产组差异表达基因分析、遗传变异的检测和功能注释。基因表达分析结果显示,在两组间共检测到431个差异表达基因,这些基因富集在代谢过程、激素调节、细胞迁移、免疫等生物学过程。研究同时检测到373049个SNPs和42273个Indels,其中75363个是新发现的遗传变异。将遗传变异在高低产组中的等位基因频率分布情况与基因表达分析结果进行整合分析,最终筛选出12个影响奶牛产奶性状的重要候选基因:ASS1、CKB、GGT1、MGAM、SDSL、HP、LTF、MMP9、UPP1、DEFB4A、PGLYRP1、MS4A8和14个位于这些基因内的重要遗传变异。

Exploring genetic variants affecting milk production traits is very crucial for molecular breeding in dairy cattle in China.In current study,RNA-seq technology was used to detect differential expression and genetic variation of genes in the blood samples between 2 groups of cows with high and low milk production.As a result,431 differentially expressed genes were detected between the 2 groups.GO and pathway analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes such as metabolic processes,hormone regulation,cell migration and immune function.In addition,a total of 373049 SNPs and 42273 Indels were detected,of which 75363 were novel genetic mutations.By integrating the allele frequency distribution of genetic variations with the expression level of genes in the 2 groups,12 candidate functional genes affecting milk production traits were suggested,namely ASS1,CKB,GGT1,MGAM,SDSL,HP,LTF,MMP9,UPP1,DEFB4A,PGLYRP1 and MS4A8,and in them 14 important genetic variations occurred.