数据权属理论场景主义选择--基于二元论之辩驳

The Choice of Scenario Theory of Data Ownership-Refutation Based on Dualism

信息技术已然成为社会发展新引擎,然随之而至的信息安全、数据安全风险亦不可小觑.信息安全技术与国家法律法规为信息社会发展提供的外部性支持与制度性支撑亟待构建.就法律层面而言,数据权利之构建是维护信息安全秩序的制度基点.然而于法学理论上,数据权属理论呈百家争鸣场面,剖析可发现各方观点多希冀于将数据权属问题筑于二元对立范畴之基,然则二元对立所致的封闭范畴亦是理论探讨与司法实践忽视数据规制的前提性错误、数据权利属性判定之场景性以及数据之上公私利益结构性矛盾的逻辑起点.将数据置于多维价值视阈下,坚持利益平衡与风险防范之立场,构建动态平衡的数据权属理论是未来可期之路.场景理论与此思路不谋而合,因而,以场景主义为指导重构数据权属理论,搭建软法、公法与私法相互配合,互补优缺的多元动态治理体系是当前可靠而有效的路径.

Information technology has become a new engine of social development,but the risks of information security and data security cannot be underestimated.It is urgent to construct information security technology and national laws and regulations to provide external support and institutional support for the development of information society.On the legal level,the construction of data rights is the institutional basis of maintaining information security order.However,in the theory of law,the theory of data ownership is a scene of contention among a hundred schools of thought.It can be found that various views hope to build the issue of data ownership on the basis of the category of binary opposition.However,the closed category caused by binary opposition is also the premise error of ignoring data regulation in theoretical discussion and judicial practice,the situational nature of data right attribute determination and the structure of public and private interests above data the logical starting point of contradiction.Putting data in the perspective of multi-dimensional value,adhering to the position of interest balance and risk prevention,and building a dynamic balance of data ownership theory is the way to be expected in the future.The scenario theory coincides with this idea.Therefore,it is necessary to reconstruct the data ownership theory under the guidance of scenario doctrine,and build a multi-element dynamic governance body with complementary advantages and disadvantages of soft law,public law and private law System is the current reliable and effective path.