经济增长为什么没有带来幸福感提高?——对主观幸福感影响因素的综述

Does Economic Growth Improve Human Happiness?A Review of the Influencing Factors of SWB

经济增长是提高居民幸福感的重要因素,幸福感提高也是各国经济增长的最终目的。然而,很多研究发现,居民幸福感并没有随着经济增长而提高,“伊斯特林悖论”是存在的。本文梳理近四十年的幸福经济学文献发现,经济增长之所以没有带来居民幸福感的提升,主要原因是幸福感不仅与收入有关,还与性别、年龄、受教育程度和健康状况等个体特征以及经济环境、政治环境、生态环境等因素有关。其中,户籍制度和收入不平等是影响我国居民幸福感提升的重要因素。减少收入不公、增加公共服务支出(尤其是社保支出)会显著增加居民幸福感。同时,本文也总结了目前幸福感研究的主要热点,并预测其未来可能的研究方向。

Economic growth is an important factor to improve residents'happiness.Happiness is also the ultimate goal of economic growth.However,many studies have found that residents'happiness does not increase with economic growth,and that the Easterlin paradox does exist.After researching nearly 40 years of happiness economics literature,this article finds that the main reason is that happiness is not only related to income,but also to individual characteristics such as gender,age,level of education,health,and social environment,political environment,ecological environment besides other social factors.Among them,the household registration system and income inequality are the important factors which affect the happiness of Chinese residents.Reducing income inequality and increasing expenditure on public services(especially social security)will significantly increase residents'happiness.At the same time,this paper also summarizes the main research hotspots of happiness and predicts possible future research directions.