跨国道路与族群发展——基于老挝贺人的田野调查

TRANSNATIONAL ROADS AND ETHNIC DEVELOPMENT:A Field Survey on The Hor People In Laos

中老之间跨国联通的道路在不同时期曾以马帮道路和跨国公路存在于两国边民社会,不久的将来跨国铁路将成为更加现代化的联通方式。老挝贺人的社会生活空间中,道路始终深刻地影响着他们的生产与生活。本文以道路与族群发展关系的视角切入,考察老挝贺人从中国到老挝,从丰沙里(Phongsali)山区到乌多姆赛(Oudomxai)坝区的移民历史,探讨跨国道路对贺人生存发展和文化变迁产生的影响,以及贺人随路而迁进入老挝多元文化腹地之后,对于自身身份的新定位。

In different periods,the transnational roads between China and Laos,as a kind of transnational connectivity,exist in the bilateral border residents’communities as the horse gang roads and transnational highway.In the near future,the transnational railway will become a more modern way of connectivity.In the social living space of the Hor people,road has always had a profound impact on their productions and lives.From the perspective of the relationship between road and ethnic development,this article examines the migrating history of the Hor people’s moving from China to Laos and from Phongsali mountain area to Oudomxai dam area,and discusses the impact of transnational road on the Hor people’s survival and development and cultural changes,as well as the new orientation that Hor people define their own identity after they move into the multicultural hinterland of Laos.