清代湘西苗区的乡约宣讲

THE PREACHING OF RURAL COVENANTS IN THE XIANGXI MIAO AREA IN QING DYNASTY

乡约宣讲是清政府维护苗区稳定、教化民众的重要手段。乡约宣讲的不断推广,显示出清王朝统治秩序在苗区的不断巩固。多元化的讲约主体,在不同时期对推广乡约宣讲的贡献各有侧重,讲约仪式展现了王朝权力在不同地域的扩张力度。学校教育下的圣谕讲习与社会教育下的乡约宣讲,成为昭彰德育、化民成俗的重要方式。有清一代,乡约宣讲对维护苗区社会治安,改变苗区社会风气,增加基层民众国家认同具有重要作用。

The preaching of rural covenants was an important means for the Qing government to maintain the Miao area's stability and educate the people in the Miao area.The constant promotion of the rural covenants preaching showed the continuous consolidation of the Qing Dynasty's ruling order in the Miao area.Diversified subjects of the preaching of the rural covenants had a different emphasis on the contribution of the promotion of rural covenants in different periods.The ceremony of the rural covenants preaching demonstrated the expansion of the power of the dynasty in different regions.The lecture and study of Imperial decree under the school education and the rural covenants preaching under social education became an important way to show moral education and transform folk into customs.In the Qing Dynasty,the preaching of rural covenants played an important role in maintaining social order in the Miao area,changing the social atmosphere of the Miao area,and increasing the national identity of grassroots people.