多层面综合护理干预模式在老年PCI术后衰弱患者中的应用效果

Effect of multilevel comprehensive nursing intervention model on elderly patients with frailty after percutaneous coronary intervention

目的研究多层面综合护理干预模式在老年经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后衰弱患者中的应用效果。方法选取2018年2—11月海口市人民医院住院的老年PCI术后衰弱患者100例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组(50例)和对照组(49例)。试验组实施多层面综合护理干预模式,对照组实施PCI术后常规护理及健康教育。干预前、干预3个月后对患者衰弱状况、步行速度、起立行走时间、抑郁焦虑状况进行评测。结果干预后,试验组衰弱总分及各维度得分均低于干预前及对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);试验组步行速度快于干预前及对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);试验组起立行走时间短于干预前及对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);试验组焦虑评分、抑郁评分低于干预前及对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论多层面综合护理干预模式可以改善老年PCI术后衰弱患者的衰弱状况,提高步行及起立行走能力,降低其焦虑抑郁水平。

Objective To investigate the effect of multilevel comprehensive nursing intervention model on elderly patients with frailty after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with frailty after PCI admitted to Haikou People′s Hospital from February to November 2018 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into experiment group(50 patients)and control group(49 patients)by random number table method.The experimental group implemented multilevel comprehensive nursing intervention model,and the control group implemented routine nursing and health education after PCI.Frailty,walking speed,standing up time,depression and anxiety of patients were evaluated before and three months after intervention.Results After intervention,the total scores of frailty and all dimensions of the experimental group were lower than those of before intervention and the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The walking speed of the experimental group was faster than that of before intervention and the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The standing and walking time of the experimental group was shorter than that of before intervention and the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The scores of anxiety and depression in the experimental group were lower than those before intervention and the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion The multilevel comprehensive nursing intervention model can improve the frailties of senile patients after PCI,improve the ability of walking and standing up,and reduce the level of anxiety and depression.