聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺/金纳米粒子的复合及其结构和应用进展

Progress in Preparation,Configuration,and Application of Composite Particles of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)and Gold Nanoparticles

金纳米粒子(AuNPs)具有独特的光电、催化和生物相容特性,然而由于其具有高表面能,在制备和应用过程中易发生团聚,限制其实际应用.将温度响应型聚合物聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAM)与球状AuNPs复合,不仅可防止AuNPs团聚,二者在性能上协同作用,使AuNPs的光电、催化特性与PNIPAM的温度响应性相结合.本文总结了制备PNIPAM/AuNPs的表面接枝法、原位还原法、逐层法和物理共混法,综述了复合粒子具有的核壳型、核-卫星型、蛋壳型、空心微球型、无规填充型、表面覆盖型等不同结构,介绍了其在传感器、催化剂、光学器件、生物医用等领域的应用,并对PNIPAM/AuNPs复合粒子的发展前景进行了展望.

Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)with unique optothermal,catalysis and biocompatibility properties have been widely used for biosensors,catalysts,disease diagnosis and other fields.However,AuNPs are prone to aggregation during preparation due to high surface energy,which limits their practical application.Fabrication of AuNPs-polymer hybrid composites not only prevents AuNPs aggregation,but also takes advantage of both polymer and AuNPs through synergistic effect.As the most famous thermo-responsive polymer,the combination between poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)and AuNPs has been well reported.This paper summarizes the technologies for PNIPAM/AuNPs composite particles preparation through surface grafting,in situ reduction,layer-by-layer assembling and physical mixing.The temperature responsiveness and localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)performance of the composite particles can be modulated by controlling the size of AuNPs,the molecular weight of PNIPAM,and the ratio of PNIPAM to AuNPs.PNIPAM/AuNPs composite particles with various configurations such as core-shell,core-satellite,yolk-shell,hollow microsphere,random filled,and surface covered have been reviewed.In addition,the development prospects,and applications of PNIPAM/AuNPs composite particles in various types of sensors,nanoreactors for catalysis,optical devices,biological and other fields applications have also been discussed.Researchers can combine with advanced colorimetric analysis methods to improve the temperature response sensitivity of the composite particles,and make efforts to improve its cycle efficiency by increasing magnetic properties when the composite particles are used as catalysts.