城市留守儿童性教育及性侵害认知现状调查与分析

Sexual education and cognition of sexual infringement among urban left-behind children

目的了解城市留守儿童的性教育和性侵害认知现状。方法2018年11月12日至16日采用自编性教育与性侵害认知问卷对福州市380名小学生进行调查。结果①留守儿童较非留守儿童在异性交往观念上更加开放;②留守与否在获得青春期生理卫生知识的主要来源上存在差异,留守儿童获得知识的主要途径与非留守儿童比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),前者依次为课外书或网络、同学或朋友、教师、家人或亲人等,后者依次为教师、家人或亲人、课外书或网络、同学或朋友等;③留守儿童更倾向于与同龄伙伴谈论青春期话题;④城市儿童性侵害认知整体水平较低,其中留守儿童性骚扰、性侵害认知及性侵害防范意识不如非留守儿童,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论家长、学校以及社会需要共同致力于留守儿童性教育,提升留守儿童性安全意识。

Objective To understand the status of sexual education and cognition of sexual infringement among urban left-behind senior students.Methods 380 pupils in Fuzhou City were investigated with self-designed questionnaires on sexual education and cognition of sexual infringement from 12th to 16th,November,2018.Results①Left-behind children showed more open attitudes towards heterosexual communication compared with non-left-behind children.②There are differences between left-behind children and non-left-behind children in the main sources of acquiring physiological health knowledge of puberty,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The main sources for left-behind children to acquire knowledge are extracurricular books or networks,classmates or friends,teachers,family members or relatives,and so on,while the main sources for non-left-behind children are teachers,family members or relatives,extracurricular books or networks,classmates or friends,and so on.③Left-behind children are more inclined to talk about puberty topics with their peers.④The overall cognitive level of sexual infringement among senior primary school students is low,and the awareness of sexual harassment,sexual assault awareness and sexual assault prevention of left-behind children are inferior to that of non-left-behind children,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001).Conclusions Parents,schools and society need to work together on sex education for left-behind children and enhance their awareness of sexual safety.