福斯特对马克思新陈代谢理论的发掘

Foster’s Exploration of Marx’s Theory of Metabolism

人与自然关系问题一直都是社会关注的重要问题,在哲学研究领域,人与自然更是重要的研究领域,也是马克思主义哲学研究的重要问题之一。在马克思的文本中出现多处论述关于人与自然关系的新陈代谢的思想。随着时代变迁和社会的发展,人与自然之间逐渐产生新的生态问题。福斯特作为生态马克思主义者的代表,针对所产生的新问题展开了新的论述。福斯特提炼马克思新陈代谢及其断裂理论,探究人与自然新陈代谢断裂原因及其解决出路,认为消解新陈代谢所出现的"无法弥补的裂缝"需要通过调整生产方式来完成。但福斯特对马克思新陈代谢理论的重构具有历史唯物主义的困境,其无法到达资本主义社会内部,无法领悟历史唯物主义对资本主义社会的认知深度。以福斯特生态学为基础,进一步研究福斯特的马克思主义思想,这对于丰富马克思主义具有重要价值和意义。

The relationship between man and nature has always been an important issue,to which the society pays attention,and it is more important in the field of philosophy research and it is also one of the important issues in the study of Marxist philosophy.In Marx’s text,there are many places where the metabolic thought of the man-nature relationship is discussed.With the change of times and the development of society,nevertheless,new ecological problems have gradually arisen in the relation between man and nature.As a representative of ecological Marxian,Foster made a new discussion on the new problems.Foster refined Marxism’s theory of metabolism and his theory of fracture,made a probe into the causes of the metabolic rupture in the man-nature relationship and its solution,and held the idea that eliminating the irreparable cracks in metabolism needs to be finished by adjusting the production mode.However,a dilemma of historical materialism exists in Foster’s theory of metabolic fracture.This theory cannot get to the inside of capitalist society and thus cannot help people comprehend how deeply the capitalist society is cognized in the perspective of historical materialism.Studying Foster’s Marxist thought further based on Foster Ecology is of great value and significance to enriching Marxism.