冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病介入术后患者二级预防认知的质性研究

Awareness of secondary prevention in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention:A qualitative study

目的了解冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)介入术后患者对二级预防主要认知体验,为提高其康复期依从性提供依据。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,对14例冠心病患者进行半结构深入访谈,运用Colaizzi7步分析法对资料进行分析。结果经过分析、整理和提炼,得出6个主题,即冠心病术后患者在认知储备方面对冠心病相关知识认知不足,对冠心病危险因素认知不足;认知意志方面缺少改变不良饮食和生活习惯的动力,社会支持系统欠缺;认知策略方面缺乏积极面对疾病的良好心态,对胸痛中心认知不足。结论冠心病术后患者的二级预防认知存在不足,医护人员及各基层医疗机构应为患者提供相应的医疗保健及康复知识教育,提高患者的二级预防认知水平,进一步提高二级预防依从性。

Objective To understand the cognition on secondary prevention in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A phenomenological methodology was adopted for this study.Totally 14 CHD patients after PCI were interviewed using an in-depth,semi-structured approach,and the collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method.Results Six themes were obtained:lack of awareness towards CHD-related knowledge,lack of awareness towards CHD-related risk factors,lack of motivation to change in dietary and the living habits,lack of social support,lack of positive attitude to CHD and lack of awareness on the Chest Pain Center.Conclusion There were many shortcomings in the secondary preventive cognition among CHD patients after PCI.Primary medical institutions should provide patients with corresponding medical care and rehabilitation knowledge,in order to improve their cognitive level and compliance for secondary prevention of CHD.