环保投资会影响企业实际税负吗?——来自重污染行业的证据

Will Environmental Investment Affects the Firm’s Actual Tax Burden?--Evidence from Heavily Polluting Industries

本文以2008-2016年重污染行业上市公司的数据研究了环保投资对企业实际税负的影响,研究发现环保投资有利于企业实际税负的降低,与国有企业相比,这种负相关关系在民营企业中更为显著,这意味着地方政府会根据环保投资而调整税收征管力度。进一步地,我们根据税收征管力度的影响因素,分析了不同所得税征管部门、不同制度环境以及不同财政压力下环保投资对企业实际税负的影响。研究发现,环保投资与实际税负的负相关关系在所得税征管部门为地方税务局以及在制度环境较差的地区更为显著,而财政压力并没有产生影响,这可能是地方政府将环保投资企业降低的税负转嫁给了其他企业,因而无论财政压力大小,均不会影响环保投资与实际税负的负相关关系。

This paper uses 2008-2016 data from listed companies in heavily polluting industries to study the impact of environmental protection investment on the actual tax burden of enterprises.The study found that environmental protection investment is beneficial to reduce the actual tax burden of enterprises,and this is even more pronounced in private enterprises,which means that local governments will adjust tax enforcement based on environmental investment.Further,according to different factors of tax enforcement,we analyzed the impact of environmental protection investment on the actual tax burden of enterprises under different income tax enforcement departments,different institutional environments,and different fiscal pressures.The study found that the negative correlation between environmental protection investment and actual tax burden is more significant in the income tax administration department as the local tax bureau and in areas with poor institutional environments,but fiscal pressure has not had an impact.This may be that the local government passed on the reduced tax revenue of enterprises to the enterprises which do not have environmental protection investment,so regardless of the magnitude of fiscal pressure,it will not affect the negative correlation between environmental protection investment and actual tax burden.