罹患痁疾与陶渊明生命观的转变

Suffering from the Febrile Diseases and the Change of Tao Yuanming’s Outlook on Life

一直以来,学界对于陶渊明的享年及其仕隐经历争论不断,但对于陶渊明生命中的一个重大节点却几乎不见。五十岁左右可谓是陶渊明人生中的最大节点,殊可注意。于此年纪,陶渊明罹患不治之恶疾—痁疾,这给他的生命和创作带来了重大影响,更是极大地影响到了其生命观。与死亡提前面对面,使得陶渊明彻底看淡了之前萦绕于怀的出处问题,转而更多地关注生命本身。其生命后期不断涌现的强烈的生命忧虑、万般无奈之后的豁朗达观、及时行乐等心态、思想,均当于此考察。

For a long time,there has been a lot of controversy about Tao Yuanming’s life and his experience of official career,but there is almost no record about a major incident in Tao Yuanming’s life.The most important point occurred when Tao Yuanming was around 50 years old.At this age,Tao Yuanming suffered from an incurable febrile disease,which had a great impact on his life,literary creation,and his outlook on life as well.Facing imminent death made Tao Yuanming completely ignore the source problem that haunted him before,and he paid more attention to the life proper.During the later period of his life,Tao’s thoughts such as his strong anxiety about life,his open mindedness,his pursuit of timely pleasure and so forth should all be examined from this perspective.