乳腺癌外科治疗的研究进展与展望

Research progress and prospect of surgical treatment of breast cancer

外科治疗在乳腺癌综合治疗中发挥基石作用。近年来随着精准医疗和大数据医疗等理念的提出和多学科诊疗模式的开展,乳腺癌的治疗正向着个体化、精准化、规范化、综合化的方向发展。前哨淋巴结活检的技术愈发成熟,应用范围进一步推广;新辅助治疗后保乳手术的可行性得到认可;乳房重建和肿瘤整形技术使乳腺癌治疗已逐渐由单纯的疾病治疗发展为乳房外形乃至功能的恢复;乳腺癌的微创治疗方法如腔镜手术、射频消融等备受青睐。国内各医疗中心开展临床研究,为乳腺癌外科治疗的发展提供中国数据。本文针对近年来乳腺癌外科治疗领域的现状及热点问题进行分析探讨。

Surgical treatment plays a cornerstone role in the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer.In recent years,the concept of precision medicine and big data medicine has been proposed,and the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment mode has been carried out.The treatment of breast cancer is developing in the direction of individuation,precision,standardization and integration.Sentinel lymph node biopsy technology is becoming more mature and the scope of application is further promoted.The feasibility of breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant treatment is generally recognized.Breast reconstruction and oncoplastic technology helps patients reshape breast,improve the quality of life.Minimally invasive treatment methods for breast cancer,such as endoscopic surgery,radiofrequency ablation,etc.,are widely recognized.Domestic medical centers carry out clinical research to provide Chinese data for the development of breast cancer surgical treatment.In this paper,the current situation and hot issues of surgical treatment of breast cancer in recent years will be discussed.