先进热障涂层的强韧和破坏机制的标准规范研究

Research on the Standard Specification for the Toughness and Failure Mechanism of Advanced Thermal Barrier Coatings

燃气涡轮发动机是高性能航空发动机和重型燃气轮机的主要形式与发展趋势,是体现国家核心竞争力与科技水平的重要标志.热障涂层是提高航空发动机和重型燃气轮机服役温度最切实可行的办法,但热障涂层的应用与发展面临系列挑战,在我国尤为突出,如涂层过早剥落,性能不稳定,承温能力不足等.该文对先进热障涂层的强韧和破坏机制的标准规范研究进行了详细的评述.具体包括:锆钽系涂层有望成为下一代高性能热障涂层,基于铁弹增韧的应变梯度调控的涂层成分与结构设计,基于界面粗糙度与晶粒纳米化的尺度效应的强界面设计,先进热障涂层微结构与强韧及破坏的关联,热障涂层制备装备与跨尺度力学行为的表征技术,跨尺度力学性能与破坏表征的标准规范.最后提出了未来的重点研究方向.

Gas turbine engine is the main form and development trend of high-performance aero engines and heavy-duty gas turbines,and it is an important symbol that reflects the country’s core competitiveness and technological level.Thermal barrier coating is the most practical way to increase the service temperature of aircraft engines and heavy gas turbines,but the application and development of thermal barrier coatings face a series of challenges,especially in China:coatings peel off prematurely,performance is unstable,and the temperature capability insufficient.We conducted a detailed review of standard and normative studies of the toughness and failure mechanisms of advanced thermal barrier coatings.Specifically include:zirconium-tantalum-based coatings are expected to become the next generation of high-performance thermal barrier coatings,coating composition and structure design based on ferroelastic toughening strain gradient regulation,and strong scale effects based on interface roughness and grain nanocrystallization.Interface design,the correlation between microstructure and toughness and damage of advanced thermal barrier coatings,thermal barrier coating preparation equipment and characterization techniques for cross-scale mechanical behavior,standard specifications for cross-scale mechanical properties and failure characterization.Finally,the future research directions are put forward.