2018年郑州市年龄40~79岁居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率与控制率现状

The rates of hypertension prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control among residents aged 40-79 years in Zhengzhou City

目的分析郑州市年龄40~79岁居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率与控制率,为有效控制高血压提供决策依据。方法利用2018年郑州市城乡居民高血压调查数据,按性别、城乡分类计算年龄40~79岁居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率,并使用Logistic回归分析知晓率、治疗率和控制率的影响因素。结果郑州市40~79岁居民高血压患病率为40.5%(1704/4204,95%CI 39.0%~42.1%),标化患病率为39.5%,高血压患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势(χ趋势2=228.022,P<0.01),其中男性高于女性(43.6%比38.4%,χ^2=11.066,P<0.01),农村高于城市(44.8%比35.8%,χ^2=35.175,P<0.01)。高血压知晓率为45.8%(95%CI 43.4%~48.1%),男性与女性的差异无统计学意义(45.1%比46.4%,χ^2=0.327,P>0.05);城市高于农村(67.5%比30.0%,χ^2=25.520,P<0.01)。高血压治疗率为41.1%(95%CI 38.6%~43.4%),男性与女性的差异无统计学意义(39.2%比42.7%,χ^2=2.131,P>0.05);城市明显高于农村(62.0%比25.6%,χ^2=231.913,P<0.01)。高血压控制率为15.4%(95%CI 13.8%~17.2%),男性与女性的差异无统计学意义(13.8%比16.7%,χ^2=2.648,P>0.05);城市明显高于农村(30.5%比4.5%,χ^2=215.080,P<0.01)。高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率随年龄增长而升高。高血压患者合并糖代谢异常率为57.1%(95%CI 54.4%~59.5%),高血压患者合并血脂异常率为37.8%(95%CI 35.0%~39.8%)。Logistic回归分析显示,城乡、年龄、高血压家族史、糖尿病是影响高血压知晓率、治疗率与控制率的主要因素。结论2018年郑州市40~79岁居民高血压患病率处于较高水平,高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率处于较低水平,同时高血压患者合并糖代谢异常和血脂异常率较高,迫切需要改善高血压的治疗控制和管理状况。

Objective To examine the rates of prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in residents aged 40-79 years in Zhengzhou City.Methods The rates of hypertension prevalence,awareness,treatment and control in residents aged 40-79 years were calculated based on genders,urban/rural residence using 2018 urban/rural residents hypertension survey data in Zhengzhou,and the influencing factors were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 40.5%(1704/4204,95%CI 39.0%-42.1%),and the standardized prevalence rate was 39.5%among the residents aged 40-79 years in Zhengzhou City.The prevalence rate of hypertension increased with age(χ^2 trend=228.022,P<0.01).The prevalence rate of hypertension was higher in men than women(43.6%vs 38.4%,χ^2=11.066,P<0.01),and in rural areas than urban areas(44.8%vs 35.8%,χ^2=35.175,P<0.01).The hypertension awareness rate was 45.8%(95%CI 43.4%-48.1%)without a difference between men and women(45.1%vs 46.4%,χ^2=0.327,P>0.05).The hypertension awareness rate in urban area was higher than in rural area(67.5%vs 30.0%,χ^2=25.520,P<0.01).The treatment rate of hypertension was 41.1%(95%CI 38.6%-43.4%)without a difference between men and women(39.2%vs 42.7%,χ^2=2.131,P>0.05).The treatment rate in urban areas was significantly higher than in rural areas(62.0%vs 25.6%,χ^2=231.913,P<0.01).The control rate of hypertension was 15.4%(95%CI 13.8%-17.2%)without a difference between men and women(13.8%vs 16.7%,χ^2=2.648,P>0.05).The control rate in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(30.5%vs 4.5%,χ^2=215.080,P<0.01).The rates of hypertension awareness,treatment and control increased with age.In patients with hypertension,the rates of abnormal glucose metabolism and dyslipidemia were 57.1%(95%CI 54.4%-59.5%),and 37.8%(95%CI 35.0%-39.8%)respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that residing in urban or rural areas,age,family history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the main factors affecting the awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension.Conclusion In 2018,the prevalence rate of hypertension among residents aged 40 to 79 in Zhengzhou City was at a high level.The rates of hypertension awareness,treatment and control were at a low level,and the patients with hypertension had higher rates of abnormal glucose metabolism and dyslipidemia.Correction of above conditions are urgently needed to improve the treatment,control,and management of hypertension.