医务社工协力重塑老年临终关怀伦理体系的途径

Ways for Medical Social Workers to Reshape the Ethical System of Hospice Care for the Elderly

社会工作是追求道德实践的工作,在该职业伦理抉择中,社会价值与意识形态占据重要地位。将社会工作介入老年临终关怀服务中,实现案主权利则受到多种因素影响,如知情同意原则和病情保密间的冲突,案主自决原则和传统家族观间的冲突,关怀伦理原则和政策制度之间的矛盾等,使得实务工作中社工的作用发挥陷入困境。为了有效破解困境,医务社工应当通过多种途径,如社工不断加强自身引导能力培养,加强伦理观念教育,充分发挥心理疏导作用,宣教科学生死观,并优化伦理抉择环境等,构建新型老年临终关怀伦理体系。

As the work of pursuing moral practice,social value and ideology occupy an important position in the ethical choice of social work.When social work is involved in hospice care for the elderly,the realization of the rights of the case owner is affected by many factors,such as the conflict between the principle of informed consent and confidentiality of the patient's condition,the conflict between the principle of self-determination of the case owner and traditional family view,the contradiction of ethical principle of care and policy system and so on,which make the role of social work in practice work fall into ethical dilemma.In order to effectively breakout the dilemma,medical social workers should construct a new ethical system of hospice care for the elderly through various ways.For example,social workers constantly strengthen their guidance ability training,improve education of ethical view,give full play to psychological counseling,promote the scientific concept of life and death and optimize ethical choice environment.