高镍三元正极材料的包覆与掺杂改性研究进展

Research Progress on Coating and Doping Modification of Nickel Rich Ternary Cathode Materials

随着新能源汽车的加速发展,镍钴锰/铝酸锂三元正极材料、特别是高镍(镍含量大于50%)材料作为后起之秀,由于其性能和成本的综合指标优于传统的钴酸锂和磷酸铁锂,引起了学术界和产业界极大的研究兴趣。但是受其本身晶体结构和表面结构的限制,三元正极材料也存在安全性较差、循环稳定性不足等缺点。近年来,科研工作者为解决这些问题、并进一步提升三元材料的性能,在材料改性技术方面开展了大量工作,取得了令人瞩目的研究成果。本文从改性元素对三元正极材料结构以及对电化学性能改善的机理出发,介绍了包覆和掺杂两种改性技术的研究进展,并在此基础上对三元正极材料的发展方向做出展望。

In recent years,the development of new energy vehicles industry is accelerating.Lithium nickel cobalt manganese/aluminum oxide ternary cathode materials(NCM/NCA),especially with the nickel content≥50%,has aroused great interest in both academia and industry.This is mainly due to the fact that the aggregative parameters of performance and cost of NCM/NCA are superior to those of traditional cathode materials,such as LiCoO2 and LiFePO4.However,the application of NCM/NCA is affected by a number of drawbacks,including poor safety and insufficient cycle stability and so on,which are mainly attributed to its crystal and surface structure.Researchers have carried out various efforts to solve these problems and further improve the performance of NCM/NCA.Some remarkable results have been achieved in the past few years.In this review,the latest research progress on coating and doping of Ni-rich ternary cathode materials is summarized from the view on the mechanism of structural and electrochemical improvement of NCM/NCA.Finally,the perspective for the development of NCM/NCA cathode materials is also prospected.