膝内翻角与膝关节内侧间室压力相关性的生物力学分析

The biomechanical analysis of the correlation between varus angle and medial compartment pressure of knee joint

目的应用压力传感器技术和正常尸体下肢膝关节标本,测得在膝关节伸直位时,膝内翻0°~30°内侧间室压力值,分析膝内翻角与内侧间室压力的相关性.方法将处理好的膝关节标本固定于加压杆上,将压力传感器贴在内侧间室的中间位置,外面接上压力转换器及电脑,计算应力值结果.通过对膝关节标本轴向加压,取得内侧间室压力数据.轴向加压过程每个标本重复3次,取三组实验数据的平均值.调整自制胫骨外侧钢板的角度,每次增加3°,最大角度设置为30°,改变膝内翻的角度后,重复上述加压过程.结果4个标本的数据均表明在伸直位时,膝内翻角为0°,内侧间室压力值(0.472±0.083)MPa,随着膝内翻角度增大,内侧应力逐渐增大,到15°时达到最大值(2.751±0.418)MPa,膝内翻角度继续增大,压力逐渐减小至30°时为(0.957±0.151)MPa.各组比较,差异有统计学意义(F=28.675,P<0.05).结论膝关节伸直位时,膝关节内侧间室压力随着内翻角的增大而增大,内翻角至15°时,内侧间室压力达到最大值.随着内翻角的增大,关节内的压力中心会进一步转移到内侧,内侧间室压力持续增大.在临床上影响疾病的因素较多,本实验室结果仅作为参考.

Objective To use pressure sensor technology and normal body leg knee joint specimens,the directly measured at knee level,genu varus changes for knee medial compartment pressure angle,and amalyze the data ollcted,genu varus Angle and the correlation of the medial compartment pressure,provides some references for the knee medial osscous arthritis rescarch.Methods The specimens of the treated knee joint werd fixed on the pressure bar,the pressure sensor was atached to the middle position of the inner compartment,and the stres value was calculated by the pressure convetter and computer Pressre data of medial compatment were obtined by axial compression of knee joint specimen.The axial pressurization process was repeated three times for each specimen,and the average value of three sets of experimental data was taken.The Angle of the self-made lateral tibial steel plate were increased by 3°each cime,and the maximum angle was set to 30°.After changing the angle of genu varus,the above pressurization process were repeated.Results The data of the four specimens showed that the genu varus angle was 0°and the pressure value of the medial compartment was 0.472±0.083 mpa at the umbending position.With the increase of the genu varus angle,the inner suress gradually increased and reached the maximum value of2.751±0.418mpaat 150.The genu varus angle coninued to increase and the pressure gradually decreased to 0.957±0.151 mpa at 30°.Data of each group were tested for homogeneity of variances,which proved that homogeneity of variances was comparable.The data were stistically signifcant(F=28.675,P<0.05)。Conclusion When the knee joint is straightened,the pressure of the medial compartment of the knee joint increases with the increase of the varus Angle.When the varus Angle reaches 159,the pressure of the medial compartment reaches the maximum.As the varus Angle increases,the pressure center in the joint moves further to the medial side,so the pressure in the medial compartment continues to increase.There are many factors that afect discases in clinical practice.This research is based on laboratory results and is only for reference.