建筑能耗模拟技术及其发展趋势研究

A Review of Modeling Methods on the Building Energy Consumption Simulation

能耗模拟技术是进行建筑方案设计、建筑节能分析、设备运行优化的重要手段,但由于受到气候环境、建筑材料与结构、建筑设备以及室内人员等各种因素的影响,对建筑能耗精确建模非常困难。本文对建筑能耗模拟技术的原理进行了分析,总结了白箱法建模、黑箱法建模、灰箱法建模以及组合建模等四类主要建筑能耗模拟方法,讨论了不同建模方法的优缺点,指出了建筑能耗模拟技术进一步的发展方向。

Building energy consumption simulation plays a significant role in the design and operation of buildings.Simulationmodelsmaybeused for building design,building energy analysis and operation optimization.However,the energy consumption in buildings is influenced by a large numbers of independent interacting variables,such as weather conditions,building structure and characteristics,facilities operation time-table,occupancy and their behavior.So it is very difficult to achieve an accurate simulation model to predict the energy consumption in building.This paper proposes a detailed review of different simulation modeling methods.First,white box models based on physical principle are reviewed.Second,we present the main data driven black box models used for prediction of energy consumption,then the third category called grey boxmethodwhich uses both physical and data driven techniquesis introduced.In addition to the previously listed methods,ensemble prediction models which integrated different prediction models are introduced at last.The principles,applications,advantages,and limitations of these methods are elaborated and the future directions of the building energy consumption simulation methods are discussed.