跨境铁路通道建设对冲突性地缘政治观的超越——以中国—东盟铁路通道建设为例

Transcendence of Transnational Railway Corridor Construction to the Conflicting Geopolitical Concept——Taking the Construction of China-ASEAN Railway Corridors as an Example

自2013年中国国家主席习近平在哈萨克斯坦和印度尼西亚访问期间分别提出构建“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”,迄今已有7年。7年间,“一带一路”倡议立足参与国的发展实际,着眼于沿线国家之间的联动发展和合作共赢,为区域乃至世界发展贡献中国力量。在“一带一路”倡议的框架基础下,习近平于2013年访问印度尼西亚时亦提出将加强与东南亚各国间的互联互通建设。从“互联互通”的提出、准备到寻求各方共识,中国—东盟区域互联互通建设从一个设计雏形逐步发展为以政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通“五通”为主要内容的区域地缘政治经济合作之路。2017年7月,东盟代表表示愿推进《东盟互联互通总体规划2025》与“一带一路”倡议对接①,随着中国与东盟国家之间经贸往来不断加深,对交通基础设施的质量和数量要求随之提升。互联互通交通基础设施建设在东南亚地区进展迅速并进入全面开展阶段。共同打造跨境铁路通道,在此基础上配套促进现代化集装箱国际港口、信息化的陆上铁路口岸通关机制建设成为中国与东南亚国家之间构建更为紧密的中国—东盟命运共同体的重要途径之一。

It has been seven years since Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed to build the“Silk Road Economic Belt”and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road during his visits to Kazakhstan and Indonesia in 2013.In the past seven years,the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)has been based on the development of participating countries,and focused on the joint development and win-win cooperation among the countries along the“Belt and Road”,contributing China's strengths to the regional and world development.Under the framework of BRI,Xi also proposed to strengthen connectivity with Southeast Asian countries during his visit to Indonesia in 2013.From the proposal and preparation of"connectivity"to the search for consensus of all parties,the connectivity between China and ASEAN has gradually developed from a design prototype into a regional geopolitical and economic cooperation road with the Five Pronged Approach(policy coordination,infrastructure connectivity,unimpeded trade,financial integration and strengthened people-to-people ties)as the main contents.In July 2017,the ASEAN representatives expressed their willingness to promote the synergy between the Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity 2025(MPAC 2025)and BRI.As the economic and trade exchanges between China and ASEAN countries continued to be deepened,the requirements for quality and quantity of transportation infrastructure have been raised.The transport infrastructure in Southeast Asia has been progressed rapidly and constructed in an all around way.It is an important way for China and Southeast Asian countries to build a closer community of shared future for China-ASEAN by jointly building cross-border railway channels and supporting the construction of modern international container ports and information-based customs clearance mechanism for railway.