生态文明制度三要素与政民合作治理法治观

Three Elements of Ecological Civilization System and Rule of Law Concept Based on Government-people Collaborative Governance

十九届四中全会决定对中国特色生态文明的理论基础、工作方针和监管机制进行了最新阐释。在理论基础方面,十九届四中全会决定对“人与自然和谐共生”的科学论断不仅更新了保护优先原则的法哲学基础,也是变革生态文明宣传教育和中国承担大国责任、参与全球环境治理的基础。在工作方针方面,十九届四中全会决定体现了中国特色生态文明的工作方针从危害预防向风险预防的转变,顺应了我国生态安全法治发展的趋势,也是建设积极行政的服务型政府的内在要求。在监管机制方面,十九届四中全会决定提出“严明”生态环境保护责任制度的要求,在拓宽生态环境保护责任覆盖范围的同时,要求严格化和强化生态环境保护的主体责任和行为责任,具体地通过主体扩大化、指标量化和手段实体化来加以实现。对中国特色生态文明的理论基础、工作方针和监管机制的正确认识及其完整实现,还必须通过树立依法治理和共同治理的现代法治观念来推动保障,这是生态环境法治的“形而上”的内容,是最深刻有力的内在保障机制。

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee decided to make a new interpretation of the theoretical basis,working principles and regulatory mechanism of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics.In terms of theoretical basis,the scientific judgment on“harmonious coexistence of man and nature”decided by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee not only updates the legal and philosophical basis of the principle of protection priority,but also the basis for reforming the publicity and education of ecological civilization and China’s undertaking the responsibility of a great power and participating in global environmental governance.In terms of working principles,the decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee embodies the transformation of the working principle of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics from hazard prevention to risk prevention,which conforms to the development trend of China’s ecological security rule of law,and is also the internal requirement of building a service-oriented government with active administration.In terms of supervision mechanism,the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee decided to put forward the requirements of“strict”ecological and environmental protection responsibility system.While broadening the coverage of ecological and environmental protection responsibility,it is required to strictly strengthen the main responsibility and behavior responsibility of ecological and environmental protection,which can be realized through the expansion of the main body,the quantification of indicators and the materialization of means.The correct understanding and complete realization of the theoretical basis,working principle and supervision mechanism of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics must be promoted through the establishment of modern legal concept of governance according to law and joint governance,which is the“metaphysical”content of ecological environment rule of law and the most profound and powerful internal guarantee mechanism.