苎麻响应水分胁迫研究进展

Research Progress of Ramie Response to Water Stress

土壤水分收支平衡对苎麻生长发育具有至关重要的作用。干旱和淹(渍)水是两种主要的水分胁迫方式,对苎麻地上部分和根系生长有很大影响。干旱胁迫明显降低苎麻的光合作用,改变细胞质膜的相对透性、抗氧化酶活性,干扰内源激素的合成;而淹(渍)水主要使苎麻根部发生腐烂,造成严重的败蔸。苎麻在水分胁迫下产量显著下降,其品质和各主要产量构成因素发生不同程度的变化,且品种间存在差异。文章结合前人研究概述了苎麻对水分胁迫的响应,并借鉴其他作物水分胁迫研究和现代育种方法,在选育耐旱性和耐淹性强的苎麻品种等方面进行展望,旨在为今后深入研究苎麻高效栽培提供指导和理论参考。

The balance of soil moisture plays an important role in the growth and development of ramie.The two main water stress of drought and water flooding(water logging)have great influence on growth of the ramie overground part and root.Drought stress significantly reduced the photosynthesis of ramie,changed the relative permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane,the antioxidant enzyme activity and interfered the synthesis of endogenous hormones,while water flooding mainly caused the root rot of ramie,resulting serious root-rotten phenomenon.The yield of ramie decreased significantly under water stress,and its quality and main yield components changed with different degrees,and differences were existed among varieties.Combined with previous studies,other crop water stress research and modern breeding methods,this paper summarizes the ramie response to water stress,which would provide guidance and theoretical reference for further research on high-efficiency cultivation and strong drought and flooding tolerance varieties breeding of ramie.