火麻仁油对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠肠道功能调节作用研究

Regulatory effects of Cannabis Fructus oil on gut microecology in D-galactoseinduced aging mice

目的探讨火麻仁油对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠肠道微生态的调节作用。方法将72只昆明小鼠分对照组、模型组、阳性对照组(金双歧组)、火麻仁油(分别为12.0、6.0、3.0 mL/kg)组,雌雄各半。对照组每天颈背部sc生理盐水,其他5组sc 1%D-半乳糖水溶液造模,给药体积为10 mL/kg;1 h后对照组ig生理盐水,其他各给药组ig不同剂量的药物,给药体积为20 m L/kg,连续ig 42 d,给药结束后,观察体质量变化;留取回盲部近端肠管组织及盲肠、结肠内粪便。通过革兰氏染色分别检测革兰阳性杆菌(G^+b)、阴性杆菌(G^-b)、阳性球菌(G^+c)、阴性球菌(G^-c)菌群数量;称取盲肠质量计算盲肠系数,并通过HE染色观察回肠黏膜变化;测定结肠粪便pH值;气相色谱法检测粪便短链脂肪酸(SCFA)的含量。结果火麻仁油可以上调杆菌的比值,降低球菌的比值,降低盲肠系数及结肠pH值;显著改善模型动物的结肠病理变化,使黏膜上皮完整,腺体排列整齐,杯状细胞丰富,绒毛丰富;能显著升高乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸的含量(P<0.01),显著降低异戊酸的含量(P<0.05)。结论所测高、中、低3个质量浓度的火麻仁油均可优化D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠模型的肠道菌群结构,改善肠道微生态环境,可为火麻仁的临床应用及产品开发提供理论支持。

Objective To investigate the effects of Cannabis Fructus oil on the regulation of gut microecology in D-galactose-induced aging mice. Methods The Kunming mice were divided into control group, model group, positive control group(Jin Shuangqi group), Cannabis Fructus oil(12.0, 6.0, 3.0 mL/kg) group with six males and six females in each group. In the control group, normal saline was injected subcutaneously into the back of the neck every day. The other five groups were injected subcutaneously with 1% D-galactose aqueous solution, and the volume was 10 mL/kg. After 1 h, the control group was given normal saline by intragastric administration. The other groups were intragastrically administered with different doses of Cannabis Fructus oil for 42 d, and the dosage volume was 20 mL/kg. After the end of the administration, the change in body weight was analyzed;The proximal intestinal tissue of the ileocecal area and the feces in the cecum and colon were retained. Gram staining was used for the detection of Gram-positive bacilli(G^+b), Gram-negative bacilli(G^-b), Gram-positive cocci(G^+c) and Gram-negative cocci(G^-c);The ileal mucosa changes were observed by HE staining;The pH value of the colon feces was determined by pH meter;And the content of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) in feces was determined by gas chromatography. Results The results showed that Cannabis Fructus oil increased the ratio of bacillus, reduced the ratio of cocci and the cecal coefficient, decreased the pH value of the colon, significantly improved the colon pathological changes of the model animals with unbroken membrane skin, regular glands and rich cup cells and fluff rich, increased the content of SCFAs in the intestine of mice, and significantly increased(P < 0.01) the content of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, and significantly reduced(P < 0.01) the content of isovaleric acid. Conclusion It could conclude that Cannabis Fructus oil can up-regulate the ratio of D-galactose-induced mice intestinal bacteria structure, improve the intestinal microecology, so as to provide theoretical support for clinical application and product development of Cannabis Fructus oil.