晚清甘青藏区的外事管理与冲突解决

Foreign Affairs Management and Contradiction Solving in Tibetan Areas of Gansu and Qinghai during the Late of Qing Dynasty

晚清之际,洋人通过不平等条约进入甘青藏区,清政府为此制定了一系列政策措施以期妥善管理,避免外交事故的产生。然而,藏区民众与洋人之间仍旧龃龉不断,给晚清政府在甘青藏区本就脆弱的社会控制更添几重压力。尤其是保安教案这一重大突发性"藏洋"冲突的发生与解决,实乃晚清政府所面临的国际环境、末日封建王朝的政治生态以及甘青藏区特殊社会情形等因素合力作用的典型缩影。由是,提升应对他国倾轧挑战的综合实力,加强边疆民族地区的政权建设水平,是国家与政府之重责。

The foreigners filtered into Tibetan areas of Gansu and Qinghai through some unjust treaties in the late of Qing dynasty.The Qing government especially made some policies and measurements for proper ruling and avoiding foreign affairs.However,discords between foreigners and Tibetans were common that added burden on social control in the areas,especially the Baoan case,a very serious confliction,occurrence and solving of it was actually a typical reflection of Qing dynasty of its international environment,political ecology of a feudal dynasty and the complicated social situation of the area.Improving the integrated power for challenges from other countries and strengthening the power constructing level is the primary task for a country and its government.