汉代的“典属国”辨析

An Analysis on the Official Position of“Dianshuguo”in the Han Dynasty

典属国是由秦代的属邦、汉初的属国发展而来,为西汉中央管理民族事务最高机构的长官。典属国管理的只是"属国"的归附者,承担着管理降人、为朝廷谋划民族政策的职能。典属国的官秩为"中二千石"。汉宣帝时典属国社会地位下降,在汉成帝时被裁撤并入大鸿胪。

Dianshuguo,developed from the Shubang of the Qin Dynasty and the Shuguo of the early Han Dynasty,refers to the highest official position of the central administration of ethnic affairs in the Western Han Dynasty.The position was only in charge of the subordinates from the Shuguo and responsible for their management besides proposing policies concerning ethnic affairs for the court.Based on the rank of this position,Dianshuguo was given 2 thousand dan grain per year.The social status of Dianshuguo declined under Emperor Xuan of Han Dynasty and was abolished under Emperor Cheng of Han Dynasty.Its function was later transferred to the official position of Dahonglu.